470 PAGING MACHINE 



of.H revolves in the end of the radius h Jc, which is jointed at k, and moveable by a 

 mortise at i along the quadrantal arc towards I, as the roller K becomes enlarged by 

 the convolutions of the web. The under cylinder E receives motion by a pulley or 

 rigger upon its opposite end, from a band connected with the driving-shaft of the 

 printshop. To ensure perfect equability in the application of the mordant, the goods 

 are in some works passed twice through the trough ; the pressure being increased the 

 second time by sliding the weight g to the end of the lever df. See CALICO-PRINTING. 



P ADDIii:. A 'metallurgical term. The name of a tool used by the iron-puddler. 



PADDY. The Indian name for rice in the unhusked condition. 



PJEOXrnr, or Coralline. See CARBOLIC ACID. 



PAGING MACHINE. A self-acting machine for paging books and numbering 

 documents, by Messrs. Waterlow and Sons, is of a very ingenious character. The 

 numbering apparatus consists of five discs, which are provided with raised figures on their 

 periphery, running from 1, 2, 3, &c., to ; and these figures serve (like letter-press type) 

 to print the numbers required. The discs are mounted at the outer end of a vibrating 

 frame or arm on a common shaft, to which the first or units disc is permanently fixed ; 

 and the other four discs (viz. those for marking tens, hundreds, thousands, and tens of 

 thousands) are mounted loosely thereon, so that they need not, of necessity, move when 

 the shaft is rotating : but they are severally caused to move in the following order : 

 the tens disc performs one-tenth of a revolution for every revolution of the units disc ; 

 the hundreds disc makes one-tenth of a revolution for every revolution of the tens 

 disc, and so on. As the discs rise from the paper after every impression, the units 

 disc is caused to perform one-tenth of a revolution (in order that the next number 

 printed may be a unit greater than the preceding one) by a driving click taking into 

 the teeth of a ratchet-wheel, fixed on the left-hand end of the shaft. The movement 

 of the other discs is effected, at intervals, by means of a spring catch, affixed to the 

 side of the units disc, and rotating therewith ; which catch, each time that the units 

 disc completes a revolution, is caused by a projection on the inner surface of the 

 vibrating frame to project behind one of the raised figures on the tens disc, and carry it 

 round one-tenth of a revolution on the next movement of the units disc taking place ; 

 and then, the catch having passed away from the projection, no further increase' in 

 the number imprinted by the tens disc will be effected until the units disc has per- 

 formed another revolution. Every time that the tens disc completes a revolution, the 

 spring catch causes the hundreds disc to move forward one-tenth of a revolution, and 

 similar movements are imparted to the remaining discs at suitable times. The shaft 

 is prevented from moving, except when it is acted on by the driving click, by a spring 

 detent or pull entering the notches in the periphery of a -wheel fixed on the right- 

 hand end of the shaft ; and thus the discs are held steady while numbering, and a 

 clear and even impression of the figure is ensured. The leaves of the book to be 

 paged or numbered are laid on the raised part of the table of the machine, covered 

 with vulcanised india-rubber, and as each page is numbered it is turned over by the 

 attendant, so as to present a fresh page on their next descent. As the discs ascend 

 after numbering each page, an inking apparatus (consisting of three rollers mounted 

 in a swing frame, and revolving in contact with each other, so as to distribute the 

 ink which is fed to the first roller evenly on to the third or inking roller) descends 

 and inks the figures which are to be brought into action, when the numbering apparatus 

 next descends. By this means books or documents may be paged or marked with con- 

 secutive numbers. For printing duplicate sets of numbers, as for bankers' books, a simple 

 and ingenious contrivance is adopted. This consists in the employment of an additional 

 ratchet-wheel, which is acted on by the driving click that moves the ratchet-wheel above 

 mentioned, and is provided with a like number of teeth to that wheel. But the diame- 

 ter of the additional ratchet-wheel is increased to admit of the teeth being so formed 

 that the driving click will bo thereby held back from contact with every alternate tooth 

 of the first-mentioned ratchet-wheel ; nnd thus the arrangement of the numbering discs 

 will remain unchanged, to give, on their next descent, a duplicate impression of the 

 number previously printed ; but, on the re-ascending of the numbering apparatus, the 

 click will act on a tooth of both ratchet-wheels, and move both forward one-tenth of 

 a revolution ; and, as the shaft accompanies the first ratchet-wheel in its movements, 

 the number will consequently be changed. 



Messrs. Schlesinger and Co. have introduced a paging machine, the capabilities of 

 which are similar to the above, but somewhat differently obtained. The numbering 

 discs in this instance are provided with ten teeth, with a raised figure on the end of 

 each tooth ; and they receive the change motion from cog-wheels mounted below them 

 on the same frame. At each descent of the frame a stationary spring catch or hook 

 piece drives round the wheel one tooth, that gears into the teeth of the units dis-c, and 

 thereby causes the units disc to bring forward a fresh figure. The toothed wheels 

 are somewhat narrower than the mim boring discs, but one tooth of each wheel is 



