PEAT AND TUKF 525 



' It is now important to compare these average results with those of the former 

 series obtained by distillation in close vessels ; we obtain 



Average produce from Average produce by 



close distillation air-blast distillation 



Ammonia 0-268 0'287 



or as 



Sulphate of ammonia . . .TO 37 1-110 



Acetic acid 0-191 0-207 



or as 



Acetate of lime .... 0'280 0-305 



Pyroxylic spirit .... 0'146 0-140 



Oils 1-340 1-059 



Paraffin 0-134 0'125 



Experiments were made, at the request of Sir Robert Kane, by Dr. Hodges, Pro- 

 fessor of Agriculture, to determine the commercial value of the peat products. 



The quantities and nature of the products, as certified by Dr. Hodges, in the one 

 trial which he superintended, compared with the Museum average results reduced 

 to the same standard (Dr. Hodges' acetic acid having been 25 per cent, of real) are 



Professor Hodges. Museum. 



From 100 Prom 100 



From a ton. parts. From a ton. parts. 



Sulphate of ammonia . 22| Ibs. I'OOO 24^j Ibs. 1-110 



Acetic acid, real hydrated . 7| Ibs. 0-328 4i| Ibs. 0-207 



Wood-naphtha. . . 83| oz. 0-232 50i oz. 0-140 



Tar 99| Ibs. 4-440 53| Ibs. 2'390 



It hence is evident that the quantity of ammonia obtained at Newtown Crommelin 

 is rather under that obtained at the Museum ; but the produce of acetic acid, tar, and 

 naphtha, has been found in average decidedly inferior to that stated, although the 

 maximum results found in particular trials have approximated closely to Dr. Hodges' 

 numerical results. There having been, however, apparently but a single trial so 

 accurately followed up at Newtown Crommelin, it is necessary to contrast the results 

 of the Museum experiments more specially with the quantitative produce expected 

 by Mr. Reece. 



Mr. Eeece's statement of the produce from 100 tons of peat distilled is compared 

 with the average results of the Museum trials in the following table : 



Statement in Average results o 



From Mr. Keece's Museum trials by 



100 parts of peat. prospectus. blast-process. 



Sulphate of ammonia . . . I'OOO 1-110 



Acetate of lime .... 0700 0-305 



Wood-naphtha .... 0-185 0-140 



Paraffin 0'104 0-125 



Fixed oils 0'714\ 



Volatile oils 0'357 ) 



At the Sews the following manufacturing results were obtained in the year 1861 2, 

 by Dr. B. Paul, at Sir James Matheson's works, from 100 tons of peat: 



749 gallons of oil with paraffin, @ 2s. .... 7418 

 From which is to be deducted 



100 tons of peat @ 2s. . . . . 10 



Cost of manufacture . . . . . 28 14 6 



38 14 6 



Leaving a balance of 36 3 6 



On the contrary, the manufacturing experience of Mr. Sullivan, in Ireland, were- 



150 gallons of oil @ 2s 15 



300 Ibs. of paraffin @ 1* 15 



52 gallons of wood-naphtha 2 10 



3 cwts. of sulphate of ammonia 1 16 



34 6 

 From this had to be deducted 



100 tons of peat @ 4s 20 



Cost of manufacture . . . . . 14 3 4 



34 3 4 



Leaving a balance of 028 



