QUICKLIME 



Specific gravity 

 0-9072 

 0-9232 

 0-9429 

 0-9576 

 0-9709 

 0-9751 

 0-9857 



Percentage of 



wood -spirit 



60 



50 



40 



30 



20 



10 



5 



Wood-spirit unites with chloride of calcium with such energy that the liquid enters 

 into ebullition. The product of the union is sufficiently stable to endure a heat 

 considerably above the boiling-point of water, without giving off the alcohol. Water, 

 however, destroys the compound, and enables the spirit to be distilled away on the 

 water-bath. 



Methylic alcohol, treated with solution of bleaching powder, yields chloroform, but 

 the resulting product is not so fine as that prepared from the vinic alcohol. In 

 fact, methylic alcohol is seldom or never found in commerce of such purity as to 

 enable gooa chloroform to be prepared by the action of chloride of lime. Moreover, 

 it should be mentioned that so acrid and pungent are the products of the action of 

 chlorine on the bodies accompanying crude wood-spirit, that great danger would be 

 incurred in using a chloroform containing even minute traces of them. The following 

 equation represents the action of the chlorine of the bleaching powder on wood-spirit : 



C*H 4 2 + 4C1 = C 2 HC1 S + 2HO + HC1. (CH'O + 4C1 = CHC1 3 + H 2 O + HC1. ) 



Wood-spirit. 



Chloroform. 



C. G. W. 



PYROXYLINE is one of the names given to gun-cotton. See GUN-COTTON. 



PYRRHOTINE. Magnetic pyrites. See PYRITES. 



PYRROL. C 8 H S N (C 4 H S IT). A volatile organic base, discovered in coal- 

 naphtha by Runge. It has been chiefly studied bj Dr. Anderson. Its vapour possesses 

 the singular property of dyeing fir-wood, moistened with hydrochloric acid, a deep red. 



Q 



QUANNET, THE. A kind of file. It is especially used for scraping zinc-plates 

 for the process denominated anastatic printing. 



QUARTATION is the alloying of one part of gold, that is to be refined, 

 with three parts of silver, so that the gold shall constitute one quarter of the whole, 

 and thereby have its particles so far separated as to be able to protect the other metals 

 originally associated with it, such as silver, copper, lead, tin, palladium, &c., from the 

 action of the nitric or sulphuric acid employed in tie parting process. See REFINING. 



QUARTZ. Silt-x ; pure silica in the insoluble state. Quartz includes, us 

 sub-species : Rock-crystal, Rose-quartz, Amethyst, Prase or Chrysoprase, and several 

 varieties of chalcedony, as Cat's-eye, Plasma, Chrysoprase, Onyx, Sardonyx, $c. 

 Lustre of quartz, vitreous, inclining sometimes to resinous ; colours, very various ; 

 fracture conchoidal ; hardness, 7 ; specific gravity, 2-69. See SILICA. 



QUASSIA, is the wood of the root of the Quassia excelsa, a tree which grows in 

 Surinam, the East Indies, &c. It affords to water an intensely bitter decoction, which 

 is occasionally used in medicine, and was formerly substituted by some brewers for 

 hops, but is now prohibited under severe penalties. It affords a safe and efficacious 

 fly-water, or poison for flies. 



QUEEN'S METAL An alloy formed of 2 parts of tin and 1 part each of lead, 

 antimony, and bismuth. 



QUEEN'S "WAKE. See POTTERY. 



QUEEN'S WOOD. See BRAZIL WOOD. 



QUEEN'S YELLOW. Turbith's mineral ; the yellow suLsulpnate of mercury. 



QUERCITRON is the bark of the Quercus nigra, or yellow oak, a tree which 

 grows in North America. The colouring principle of this yellow dye-stuff has bi-cii 

 called Quercitron, by its discoverer, Chevreul. If forms small pale yellow spangles, 

 like those of Aurum musivum ; has a faint acid reaction, is pretty soluble in alcohol, 

 hardly in ether, and little in water. Solution of alum dcvelopes from it, by degrees, 

 a beautiful yellow dye. See CALICO-PRINTING. 



QUXCELLIIYIE. Caustic lime. See LIMK. 



