RAG-WOOL 



691 



and this is effected by briskly stirring the solution from which the sulphate of quinine 

 is crystallising, when, although under other circumstances the sulphate of cinchonine 

 would remain in solution, it will by this agitation be deposited in a pulverulent form, 

 together with the sulphate of quinine. No doubt this fraud had been practised to a 

 considerable- extent. See CINCHONA BARK. 



R 



RABBET. That part of the keel, and stern stern-post of a ship which is cut for 

 the plank of the bottom to fit into. 



RABBIT (Lepus cuniculus). This well-known little animal is not only employed 

 largely as food, but it furnishes to manufactures useful articles in its skin. The 

 quantity used in this country and on the Continent is enormous. 



RABBXiE. A metallurgical tool. The stirring-tool used in the process of pud- 

 dling iron. See IKON. 



KABBIiICTCr. The working of iron in a puddling-furnace with the rabble. 



RACK. An inclined plane on which the ore and slime are washed and separated. 

 Racking is the process of separating the heavy metallic ores from the earthy matter 

 with which they are mixed. 



RAXtXCAIi or RADXC&E, CHEMXCAXi. In modern chemistry, a group of 

 elements which is common to a series of allied compounds. See Watts's ' Dictionary 

 of Chemistry.' 



RAXtXCAXiS, AXiCOHOXi. Hydrocarbons, such as methyl and ethyl, which 

 may be supposed to exist in the alcohols. Thus ordinary ethyl-alcohol, C 4 H 6 2 

 (C 2 H 6 O), may be regarded as a compound of the radical ethyl, C 4 H 5 (C 2 H 5 ), with 

 the group of elements HO 2 (hydroxyl HO). 



RAFFAEXiXiE WARE. A name sometimes applied to Majolica ware. This 

 pottery was made in the city of Urbino, and it has been said that the designs for many 

 of the pieces were ' furnished by the scholars of Raffaelle from the original drawings 

 of their great master,' and hence the name. See MAJOLICA. 



RAG. Any hard coarse-grained rock, whether sedimentary or eruptive, is pro- 

 vincially called ' rag ' ; hence such stones as Kentish rag, Rowley rag, &c. 



RAGS. The fragments and shreds of linen, cotton, or woollen fabrics. Linen and 

 cotton rags are collected from all quarters for the purpose of making paper-pulp. 

 The quantity imported annually is seldom less than 11,000 tons. Woollen rags of 

 every kind are worked up into mungo and shod dy . (See these terms.) Coarse cloths and 

 druggets are made of them ; and the fine dust of woollen rags is used in preparing the 

 beautiful flock-papers with which our rooms are decorated. They are also used 

 largely for manure. The lands for cultivating the early broccoli which are brought to 

 the London market from the western part of Cornwall are dressed with woollen rags 

 in preference to any other manure. See PAPER. 



The following abstract of information included in Eeports respecting the Export 

 Duty on Rags in foreign countries will be of interest in connection with our paper- 

 manufactories : 



Austria, rags and paper-pulp exported in 1872 in Zoll. cent- 

 ners of 110-25 Ibs 



Denmark, in 1872 Ibs. 



Italy, rags of vegetable substances . . . kilos. 



of other substances .... 



Portugal, rags for making paper, 1871 . . ,, 



woollen rags 



Russia, pouds of 36 Ibs. 



Spain, 1873 kilos. 



Switzerland cwts. 



Ottoman Empire okes 



26,734 



2,046.580 



12,537,000 



1,183,000 



14,341 



7,802 



G58.018 



155,403 



2,987 



2,652,992 



Value 





 18,713 



Roubles 

 658,018 



RAG-STONE. A variety of hone-slate used for sharpening steel instruments 

 upon. The Norway rag-stone is well known. 



RAG-WOOXi. The wool obtained by tearing up in a machine constructed for the 

 purpose. Woollen rags, called also SHODDY. 



y Y 2 



