698 



REFRIGERATION OF WORTS 



various contorted figuros ; and one of the most convenient forms, being very compact 

 and easily cleaned, is that represented in Jig. 1705, which consists of only two sheets of 



1704 



1705 



thin copper, soldered together at their edges, forming a continuous spiral chamber 

 for the passage of a thin stratum of water, and contained in a cylindrical case. The 

 passages here run in convolute curves, the one winding in a spiral to the centre, the 

 other receding from the centre. 



The wort or other hot liquor intended to be cooled, is to be introduced at the 

 funnel a, and passing down the pipe b, is delivered into the open passage c, which 

 winds round to the central chamber d, and is thence discharged through the pipe e, 

 at the cock /. The cold water enters the apparatus at the funnel g, and proceeding 

 down the pipe h, enters the closed channel t, and after traversing round through the 

 apparatus, is in like manner discharged through the pipe Jo, at the cock I. Or the hot 

 liquor may be passed through the closed channel, and the cold through the open one ; 

 or these chambers may be both of them open at top, and the apparatus covered by a lid 

 when at work, the principal design of which is to afford the convenience of cleaning 

 them more readily than could be done if they were closed ; or they may be both closed. 



A similar ingenious apparatus for cooling brewers' worts, or wash for distillers, 

 and also for condensing spirits in place of the ordinary worm-tub, is called by the 

 inventor Mr. Wheeler, an Archimedes condenser, or refrigerator, the peculiar feature 

 of which consists in forming the chambers for the passage of the fluids in spiral 

 channels, winding round a central tube, through which spiral channels the hot and 

 cold fluids are to be passed in opposite directions. 



Fig. 1706 represents the external appearance of the refrigerator, enclosed in a 

 cylindrical case ; fig. 1707, the same, one-half of the case being removed to show the 

 form of the apparatus within; a.ndfig. 1708, a section cut through the middle of the 

 apparatus perpendicularly, for the purpose of displaying the internal figure of the 

 spiral channels. 



In figs. 1707, 1708, a, a, is the central tube or standard (of any diameter that may 

 bo found convenient), round which the spiral chambers are to be formed ; b, b, are the 

 sides of the outer case, to which the edges of the spiral fit closely, but need not be 

 attached ; c, c, are two of the circular plates of copper, connected together by rivets 

 at the edges, in the manner shown, or by any other suitable means ; d, is the chamber, 

 formed by the two sheets of copper, and which is carried round from top to bottom in 

 a spiral or circular inclined plane, by a succession of circular plates connected to each 

 other. 



The hot fluid is admitted into the spiral chamber d, .through a trumpet or wide- 

 mouthed tube e, at top, and is discharged at bottom by an aperture and cock /. The 

 cold water which is to be employed as the cooling material is to be introduced 

 through the pipe g, in the centre, from whence, discharging itself l>y a hole at bottom, 

 the cold water occupies the interior of the cylindrical case b, and rises in the spiral 



