918 



STONE. AND ORE-CRUSHERS 



this curious reaction very rapid, and to show that the product forms a cementing 

 material which is available for binding particles of sand into h.ird stone-like masses. 

 Mr. Eansome has also shown that the small amount of alkali used in the process 

 itsolf, unites with the successive portions of silicate of lime formed, and becomes 

 locked up in an insoluble compound, as is the case with alkali in granite rocks. Hence 

 the new artificial stone, unlike the 'earlier products obtained by Mr. Ransome and 

 by others, contains no soluble salts to be got rid of. 



STONE- and ORE-CRUSHERS. Among the many modern forms of application, 

 whereby mechanical devices-aro brought in aid of, and made to supersede, ordinary 

 manual labour, there are few that have a wider range of utility than those whicli deal 

 with the ores, stones, and rocks, and prepare them by reduction and comminution for 

 the metallurgical and other processes on which so many of the arts and manufactures 

 depend. .... 



Mr. H*. E. Marsden, of tho Soho Foundry, Leeds, has long beeu known in connection 

 with Blake's ore-crusher and stone-breaker, characterised by a peculiar ' toggle- 

 motion.' The recent improvements are based .substantially upon the Blake machine, but 

 with novelties in details and in arrangement, constituting a new combination machine 

 (see fig. 1914). An improved 'cubical' jaw is the most recent addition to the efficacy 

 of these machines, for use when it is desirable or essential that the reduced material 



1914 



should be well and evenly broken up to a regular gauge and cubical form, as, more par- 

 ticularly in the case of road-metal. The construction of this jaw is simple, and consists 

 in an extension of the lower end, and giving a curved form backwards to the moveable 

 jaw ; thus, the orifice of delivery is made to terminate a parallel channel of some 3 or 

 4 inches in length, wherein the corrugations of tho fixed and moveablo jaws arc so 

 arranged as to alternate the one with the other, i.e., ridge against furrow, and vice versa ; 

 and the action of this jaw leaves little to be desired in regard to the evenness and regu- 

 larity of the resulting sample of broken stone ; whence it is called ' cubical.' The combi- 

 nation of the steam-engine, crusher and screen upon one bed is generally adopted. This 

 combined machine is useful for the breaking up and disintegration of all kinds of oros 

 for the ironmaster and the miner in general. For these purposes the jaws can be chunked 

 according to the special degree of comminution desired ; and this system is being 

 adopted to replace rolls in various operations of grinding, on account of the fineness 

 and evenness of the resulting material. A machine thus calculated to operate upon 

 the most refractory materials, exercising powerful strains and destructive effix:ts, 

 while remaining itself comparatively unaffected, and capable of withstanding, without 

 material depreciation, the great and ' constant" fatigue of such operations, it--, it must be 

 admitted, a valuable adjunct to the manufacturing processes in which it is available. 



Another stone- and ore-crushing machine has boon introduced by Mr. J. C. Colo, of 

 the Montpelier Ironworks, Wai worth, and it is especially adapted for tho production of 

 concrete or for crushing to very small fragments any mineral or stone. It has become 

 necessary of late to produce such machines as will cost the smallest amount for transit, 

 at the same time being equal to any work ; and the manner in which this apparatus 

 appears to answer renders it an important adjunct to or in connection with stampers, 



