1106 WATER, SEA 



4, large pipe connecting the pipe 1 with the refrigerator 3. 



5, large pipe connecting the refrigerator 3 with the condenser 6. 



6, Condenser. It is a cylinder containing a sheaf of pipes 17, into which the non- 

 aerated steam from the evaporator is condensed by the sea water which surrounds 

 them. 



7 ; large outlet tube, used only when the apparatus is put below the level of the 

 sea. 



8, large upright tube, which, when the apparatus is placed on deck is turned 

 upwards, and is of such a length that the sea water which is forced through the appa- 

 ratus by means of the pump, or otherwise, may be raised a few feet above the whole 

 apparatus, so that there may be in the large tube 8, a column of sea water higher than 

 the condenser 6, in order to keep it quite full. 



9, overflow pipe for the escape of the excess of sea water. 



10, cock of the feed pipe. 



11, feed pipe, one end of which is inserted in the condenser 6, and the other end in 

 the feed and priming box 12. It is through this feed pipe 11, that the sea water is led 

 from the top of the condenser into the feed and priming box 12, by opening the cock 

 10 to a suitable degree, as said before 1. 



12, feed and priming box. It is a box into which, on opening the cock 10, the sea 

 water supplied from the condenser 6, by pipe 11, passes through pipe 13 into the 

 evaporator 14, which is thus fed with the proper quantity of sea water. This feed 

 box receives also any priming which might be mechanically projected by or carried 

 along with the steam through pipe 22. In such a case the priming is then returned 

 to the evaporator 14, through pipe 13. 



1 3, feed-pipe leading to the sea water to be evaporated in the evaporator 14. 



14, Evaporator. It is a cylinder containing a sheaf of pipes 23, with their caps, 24, 

 at each end, immersed in the sea water, part of which is to be evaporated. 



15, sheaf of pipes of the refrigerator 3, for the purpose of cooling the fresh water 

 produced ; has been already described under No. 3. 



16, caps of the refrigerator 3, so arranged that by means of the divisions reserved in 

 the said caps, the steam from the boiler, and that evolved from the evaporator 14, are both 

 made to travel to and fro through the different pipes 15 consecutively, so as eventually 

 to flow out in a mixed and cold state through the cock 32 in the filter 33, and finally 

 through the tube 34 in a perfect state. 



17, sheaf of pipes placed between the two caps 18 of the condenser 6, for the purpose 

 of condensing the aerated steam from the evaporator 14. 



18, caps covering the end of the sheaf of pipes 17 placed in the condenser 6. 



19, aerating pipe leading the air which separates from the sea water round the 

 pipes 17 of the condenser 6 into the steam-room or chamber of the evaporator 14. It 

 is by means of this aerating pipe that the fresh water condensed in the condenser 6 

 becomes aerated, and this aeration is accomplished as follows : 



As the steam from the evaporator- 14 enters the pipes within the condenser 6 at the 

 top thereof, through the pipe 21, it follows that the sea water at the top of the con- 

 denser 6 is brought, as was already said under No. 11, to a temperature which, at the 

 top of the said condenser, is as high as 206 or 208 Fahr. ; this temperature, as we 

 also said of No. 11, gradually diminishes from the top downwards, but at a zone corre- 

 sponding to about the point marked by No. 7, the temperature of the sea water round 

 the sheaf of pipes 17 is reduced to about 140 Fahr. As the air naturally contained 

 in sea water begins to separate therefrom at about 130 Fahr., that in the sea water 

 round the sheaf of pipes 17, between No. 7 and the top of the condenser, becoming 

 entirely liberated, ascends, by virtue of its lighter weight, to the top of the said con- 

 denser 6 ; it then passes through the aerating pipe 19, and is then poured into the steam- 

 room 37 of the evaporator 14, wherein it mixes with the secondary steam therein pro- 

 duced by the evaporating pipes 23. This mixture of air and steam passes then through 

 pipes 22 into the feed and priming-box 12, and thence through pipe 21 into the sheaf 

 of pipes 17. The air being there absorbed during the condensation of this secondary 

 steam, with which it was mixed, the condensed fresh water resulting therefrom 

 becomes thus super-aeratod, and in passing subsequently through the cock 39 of 

 pipe 30 into a portion of the pipes 15 of the refrigerator 3, it mixes there with 

 the non-aerated fresh water, resulting from the steam of the boiler, which has 

 condensed in the pipes 23 of the evaporator 14, which condensed water flows through 

 pipe 25 into the steam-trap 26, thence along pipes 29 and 31, and through the 

 cock 41, into the other portion of pipes 15 of the refrigerator 3. The condensed 

 water from the pipes 23 of the evaporator 14 becomes aerated by the excess of air 

 contained in the condensed water of the pipes 17 of the condenser, in its passage 

 with the latter through the pipes 15 of the refrigerator 3, in traversing which the 

 combined waters are cooled down to the temperature of the sea water round the said 



