WEAVING 



meter. By being made seamless, the acid in the size does not effect any brazed 



part, and by being thick 





and heavy, the rollers last 

 longer and squeeze better. 

 The machine is supplied -with 

 an apparatus which pre- 

 vents any undue tension on 

 the yarn while in a wet state ; 

 the elasticity of the yarn is 

 thus retained, and broken 

 threads in weaving largely 

 prevented, thus securing 

 quantity and quality in the 

 loom. By the introduction 

 of syphon-boxes and a self- 

 acting apparatus to admit 

 only a definite and certain 

 quantity of steam into the 

 cylinders, economy is effected 

 in the consumption of steam. 

 The machine itself gives no- 

 tice, by ringing a bell, when 

 a given length of yarn is 

 sized, and also marks the 

 length of a cut : an expanding 

 comb guides the . even and 

 sheet-like threads on to the 

 weavers' beam. 



The simplest and probably 

 the most ancient of looms 

 now to be seen in action is 

 that of the Hindu tanty, 

 shown in Jig. 2105. It con- 

 sists of two bamboo rollers : 

 one for the warp, and another 

 for the woven cloth ; with a 

 pair of heddles, for parting 

 the warp, to. permit the weft 

 to be drawn across between 

 its upper and under threads. 

 The shuttle is a slender rod, 

 like a large netting-needle, 

 rather longer than the web 

 is broad, and is made use of 

 as a batten or lag, to strike 

 home or condense each suc- 

 cessive thread or weft, against 

 the closed fabric. The Hindu 

 carries this simple imple- 

 ment, with his water pitcher, 

 rice pot, and hooka, to the 

 foot of any tree which can 

 afford him a comfortable 

 shade ; he there digs a large 

 hole, to receive his legs, 

 along with the traddlcs or 

 lower part of the harness ; 

 he next extends his warp, by 

 fastening his two bamboo 

 rollers at a proper distance 

 from each other, with pins, 

 into the sward ; he attaches 

 the heddles to a convenient 

 branch of the tree overhead : 

 inserts his great toes into 

 two loops under the gear, to 

 serve him for treddles ; lastly, 



