58 A TREATISE ON DREDGES AND DREDGING 



be heated by steam from the boilers, and lighted by electricity. 

 There should also be a room furnished to dry the men's clothing and 

 shoes. Men never give good work in clothing that is only half dry. 

 Electric lights are an essential for night work, and at only a slight 

 cost the entire dredge can be furnished with both incandescent and 

 arc lights. An electric search light is found to be a great aid in 

 dredging, as anchor scows and lines can be watched and adjusted 

 by its aid. 



Ample provision should also be made for men to wash and bathe. 

 When coal and supplies are taken on the dredge the helpers get 

 very dirty, and a bath when they are through work will improve 

 their health. 



The coal bunkers on a dredge should be so situated that the coal 

 can be fed under the boilers without great labor, and so the bunkers 

 can be refilled from scows with ease, or if the dredge goes to a dock 

 for the coal, so it can be placed aboard without any trouble. 



On some of the largest dredges, especially those that are out from 

 port for some days, some space is devoted to a repair and black- 

 smith shop. This frequently means the saving of much valuable 

 time and money. Where a number of dredges are working close to 

 each other a scow is sometimes fitted up as a repair shop and towed 

 from dredge to dredge as needed. 



Many large dredges go to their working places on Monday and 

 remain there excavating until Saturday evening, when they return 

 to their docks. Dredging is not done on Sunday, but new supplies 

 are placed aboard and needed repairs are made. Such dredges are 

 generally self-propelling. Xon-propelling dredges, as a rule, remain 

 anchored at the site of their work over Sunday. 



A record or log should always be kept of the movements of a 

 dredge, as well as of the time spent in dredging and the delays that 

 occur and their causes and such details as are found essential. Such 

 records are generally found to be useful, both in keeping costs of 

 work done and as a check on the crews. 



Every dredge must have a number of tenders in order to aid 

 in its work. This is even so with sea-going hopper dredges. 



There must be tugboats of great power and entirely seaworthy, 

 also scows to haul the dredge material and supplies as coal, pro- 

 visions, etc. Then snagboats and stonelifters are often needed, and 

 drilling boats for drilling rock to be excavated. Rockhrcakcrs too 

 are now added to dredging fleets. When hydraulic dredges are 



