UNIVERSAL DREDGES 



133 



In the simple universal dredge the debris can be disposed of in a 

 different manner. For instance when the excavation is made by the 

 buckets the materials, after reaching the upper tumbler, fall into 

 a chute and are dumped into scows located alongside of the steamer. 

 When the materials are removed by the pump, they are forced to 

 a certain height, from where they may be emptied into scows. Or 

 they may be conveyed to shores either through a long high tube 

 suspended from the sides of the vessel as in the high-tower ladder 



FIG. 40. Dredge "St. Petersburg." 



dredges; or may be conveyed by a long line of floating pipes in the 

 same manner as with the ordinary hydraulic dredge. 



The following are descriptions of these two types of the universal 

 dredge. The dredge " St. Petersburg," built by the Henry Satre 

 Fils Aine et Cie. for the Russian Government, is a universal dredge 

 proper, while the " Montevideo I," built by Messrs A. F. Smulders 

 of Rotterdam for the government of Uruguay, is an example of the 

 universal hopper dredge. 



The sea-going dredge "St. Petersburg" (see Fig. 40), is provided 

 with a ladder with a bucket chain located amidship and a centrifugal 



