DREDGING FOR INDUSTRIAL PURPOSES 243 



tion of an entire new city along the shores of the Atlantic Ocean 

 and within easy reach of the cities of New York and Brooklyn. 

 It will be a new summer resort to rival Atlantic City, and yet at a 

 commutation distance from New York, so as to be used also for 

 residential purposes all year around. The new city is located on 

 Long Beach, Long Island. The lowlands which surround Long 

 Beach have been filled up with sand removed from the shallow 

 bottom of the ocean by two hydraulic dredges, and the material 

 conveyed through a long line of pipes. The dredges have dug also 

 a navigable channel between the ocean and the large body of water 

 existing between the mainland and Long Beach, thus permitting 

 large vessels to enter and approach the surrounding lands, which 

 will be improved for industrial purposes. Considering the selling 

 prices of the building lots the dredging is certainly remunerative. 



Similar work to this in an extensive manner has been done 

 at Cape May, N. J. 



Still another example of undertaking dredging operations for 

 the exclusive purpose of forming new lands, is at Governor's Island, 

 the headquarters of the Department of the East of the United States 

 Army. Governor's Island being a comparatively small island just 

 south of New York city and occupied by the various buildings 

 for offices, officers' residences and barracks, there is no room for 

 a parade ground, where the garrison can be drilled, reviewed, etc. 

 Adjoining islands are already taken up for various purposes and are 

 crowded with costly and important buildings. Hence it was decided 

 to extend Governor's Island. Strong masonry bulkhead walls on 

 the eastern and western sides were built and extend for nearly 

 half a mile in a southern direction, with another bulkhead wall 

 built across the two, thus forming a rectangle of nearly one-half 

 mile long by one-half mile wide. This southern bulkhead wall had 

 a gap left in the center to be closed afterward. Two hydraulic 

 dredges are employed to deepen the bottom around the island and 

 deposit the dredged material between the new bulkheads. Thus 

 the harbor will be deepened at the same time new land is formed. 



In this connection it has been suggested by one of the engineers 

 of the Dock Department of New York city, that the city build 

 a bulkhead so as to take in the entire area of water between the 

 Battery and Governor's Island and also to a point south of the 

 island for some distance, and by means of dredges reclaim this 

 large area for city purposes. The docks alone gained in this manner 



