26 DJI. LEGEAR'S STOCK BOOK. 



Fig. 3. Trephine. 



Sometimes a good blister applied to the face will be bene- 

 ficial. If there is an accumulation of matter in the sinuses of 

 the face the only relief will be the operation of trephining, which 

 is done by boring into the head with a trephine (Fig. 3) and 

 allowing the matter to escape. If the nasal gleet is the result of 

 a diseased tooth, the tooth must be removed. 



ROARING. 



Roaring may be defined to be breathing with a loud and un- 

 natural sound during violent exercise. Roaring in itself is not 

 a disease, but it is only a symptom of disease. Wheezing and 

 whistling are only different forms of the .same disease, and both 

 finally terminate in roaring. 



Causes. Roaring is caused by some obstruction to the free 

 passage of air in the larynx (upper part of windpipe). Such dis- 

 eases as laryngitis, distemper, etc., are liable to terminate in 

 roaring. No doubt hereditary transmission has a great deal to 

 do with it. Tight reining may be regarded as one of the causes 

 of roaring, but, after all other causes are mentioned, it will be 

 found that nine out of every ten well-established cases of roaring 

 are caused by paralysis of the muscles of the. larynx; the muscles 

 of the left side are almost invariably the ones affected. 



Symptoms. The best way to test whether a hor.se is a "roarer" 

 is to either make him pull a load rapidly up a hill or over a sandy 

 road or soft ground; or, if he is a saddle horse, gallop him up a 



