DR. LEGEAR'S STOCK BOOK. 33 



Causes. Exposure to wet and cold, standing in draughts, 

 neglected catarrh, etc., are among the causes to be mentioned. 

 It may also be caused by irritating substances, as certain medi- 

 cines, inhalation of smoke, and breathing the air of badly venti- 

 lated stables. Such diseases as bronchitis, laryngitis, etc., may 

 terminate in pneumonia. 



Symptoms. At first the animal has a chill, which is generally 

 overlooked. The breathing becomes quickened, and the animal 

 hangs its head and has a very dull appearance. The mouth is 

 hot, indicating fever, and has a sticky feeling. The .pulse soon 

 runs np to 80 or 100 or more per minute, and if the temperature 

 is taken it will be found to have risen to 103 degrees Fahrenheit, 

 or higher. There is usually a cough from the beginning. The 

 temperature of the legs and ears is changeable- sometimes hot 

 and sometimes cold. The discharge from the nose may be tinged 

 with blood, while in others it has a mattery appearance. In this 

 disease the ox usually lies down, while the horse always stands, 

 usually with his head toward the stable door to get all the fresh 

 air possible. By placing the ear to the side of the chest during 

 the first stage of the disease a sound is heard quite similar to 

 that made by rubbing a lock of hair between the thumb and 

 fingers. 



Flapping of the nostrils after a few days' illness is a very bad 

 sympton; in such cases, usually in the course of four or five days, 

 a brownish or rusty-colored discharge may be observed flowing 

 from the nose; the eyes take on a peculiar stare, and the patient 

 seems to be unconscious of everything going on around him. 

 The pulse now becomes very quick and wak, body and legs 

 deathly cold; the patient may lie down for a few minutes, then 

 get up, stagger, fall, and rise no more. Death may take place in 

 from three to twenty days. 



Pneumonia is not a very fatal disease if taken in time and 

 treated properly. 



