DR. LEGEAR'S STOCK BOOK. 93 



GRAVEL STONE. 



This is the formation of calculi (.stones) in the kidneys and 

 bladder. They may be few or many, and vary in size from the 

 finest grain of sand to that of a man's fist. We have a specimen 

 on hand now of a stone taken from a horse's bladder, after death, 

 by Earnest Witte, of Shelby, Texas, that weighs over three 

 pounds. Gravel is seen more frequently in districts where stock 

 are compelled to drink water highly impregnated with lime. 



Symptoms. Stones may be present in the kidneys or bladder 

 for a long time before they cause the animal any inconvenience. 

 The urine may be passed with difficulty, and changed in color, 

 becoming unnaturally white or milky in appearance. Gravel in 

 the bladder often causes a great deal of irritation, and more or 

 less inflammation of the same. The urine may be passed with 

 pain being checked before the bladder is empty, and dribble 

 away in a .small stream, or be shut off entirely. Blood and mucus 

 may be passed. If a close examination of the urine is made, 

 gravel may be found. The pain may be so severe that the horse 

 will have severe colicy pains by a stone blocking up the passage 

 of urine. Stone in the kidney is often very severe, and causes the 

 horse a great deal of pain and uneasiness. Urine will be passed 

 often in small quantities, with pain with each effort. Pressure 

 on the loins may cause a great deal of pain. 



Treatment. If due to drinking lime water, discontinue it, and 

 give cistern water entirely. Also, give plenty of salt. If the ani- 

 mal is in much pain, he can be relieved by giving our Colic Cure 

 in ordinary-sized doses. Repeat every hour until relieved. Give 

 In the drinking water every morning 1 dram of carbonate of 

 potash; also, give 1 teaspoonful of our Condition Powders morn- 

 ing and night in damp feed for two or three weeks. Where the 



