120 



EARTH FEATURES AND THEIR MEANING 



FIG. 115. Peculiar "cauliflower cloud' 



There seems to be no good 

 reason to doubt that Vulcanian 

 cinder eruptions of this type 

 differ chiefly in magnitude from 

 the rhythmic explosion within 

 the crater of Stromboli, if we 

 except the elevation of a con- 

 siderable quantity of acces- 

 sory and older tuff which is 

 derived from the inner walls 



or pino composed of steam and ash, of the Crater and Carried Up- 

 rising above the cinder cone of Volcano ward into the air together 



.1,1 i r r u 



W 1 tne P ast y cakes ol tresn 



lava derived from the chimney. 



during the waning phases of the explo- 

 sive eruption of 1888 (after a photo- 

 graph by B. Hobson). 



It is this accessory material 



which gives to the pino its dark or even black appearance. 

 The eruption of Taal volcano on January 30, 1911. The 

 recent eruption of the cinder 

 cone known as Taal volcano 

 is of interest, not only because 

 so fresh in mind, but because 

 two neighboring vents erupted 

 simultaneously with explosions 

 of nearly equal violence (Fig. 

 116). This Philippine vol- 

 cano lies near the center of a 

 lake some fifteen miles in 

 diameter and about fifty miles 

 south of the city of Manila. 

 After a period of rest extend- 

 ing over one hundred and fifty 

 years, the symptoms of the 

 coming eruption developed 

 rapidly, and on the morning 

 of January 30 grand explo- 

 sions of steam and ash oc- r^J;"* '':.:- _*<*... 

 curred simultaneously in the ^ "VV* ""' 



neighboring craters, and the FlG> 116 *~~ Double explosive eruption of 



,1 j . , Taal volcano on the morning of January 



condensed moisture brought 30, 1911. 



