300 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY 



The production of Tennesee, North Carolina and Virginia 

 remained about the same as in 1911. 



The heavy demand for iron ores in 1912 increased mining 

 activities in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. In 

 these states several new mines were opened, some old mines 

 were reopened, and some improvements were made in the con- 

 centration of the ore to make it more available for the furnaces. 

 The largest activity was in the Champlain district in the vicinity 

 of Port Henry, Mineville and Dannemora. 



Imports and Exports. The imports of iron ore for the first ten 

 months of 1912 were 1,741,607 tons. Of this amount more than 

 1,000,000 tons came from Cuba. Other contributors in the 

 order of their importance are Sweden, Newfoundland, Canada, 

 Spain, and Venezuela. The exports of iron ore for the same 

 period exceeded 1,000,000 tons. The ores were mainly derived 

 from the Lake Superior district and were shipped to Canadian 

 furnaces. 



The Bureau of Statistics gives the value of the exports of iron ore 

 for the 10 months ending Oct. 31 as $238,972,631 as compared 

 with imports for the same period of $23,885,776. 



Pig Iron. According to the Engineering and Mining Journal 

 the production the pig iron in 1912 aggregated 29,647,274 tons, 

 thereby surpassing the production of 1910, and nearly equalling 

 that of 1909. 



The production is classified as follows : 



Bessemer 11,740,055 



Basic 11,386,176 



Foundry and forge 5,965,591 



Charcoal 353,266 



Spiegel and ferro 202,186 



Total ! . . . 29,647,274 



The pig iron industry in the United States during the present 

 century has suffered three reverses due to disturbed financial 

 conditions. The first came in 1904 in which the reduction was 

 approximately 2,000,000 tons. The second came in 1908 with 

 a reduction of approximately 10,000,000 tons. The third came 

 in 1911 with a reduction of approximately 3,500,000 tons., 



Germany stands next to the United States in the production 

 of both pig iron and steel. The amount approximates 13,000,000 

 tons of each commodity. The United Kingdom ranks third 



