PECTINID^E. SCALLOP. 113 



purchased by the Dominicans.* Besides its badge, 

 each pilgrimage had also its gathering cry, which the 

 pilgrims shouted out, as at grey of morn they slowly 

 crept through the town or hamlet where they had 

 passed the night, and Pope Calixtus says,f that the 

 Santiago pilgrims were accustomed, before dawn, at 

 the top of each town, to cry with a loud voice, " Deus 

 adjuva ! Sancte Jacobi I" " God help ! Santiago \" 



It is stated that pilgrims used to present their scrips 

 and bourdons to their parish churches, and Coryatt saw 

 cockle, mussel-shells, beads, and other religious relics, 

 hung up over the door of a little chapel in a nunnery. 

 These were deposits and offerings made by pilgrims to 

 Compostella, when they returned and gave thanks.* 



The Rev. E. L. Cutts states that shells have not 

 unfrequently been found in stone coffins, and are sup- 

 posed to be relics of the pilgrimage once taken by the 

 deceased to Compostella; and that when the grave of 

 Bishop Mayhew, who died in 1516, was opened some 

 years ago, in Hereford Cathedral, a common rough 

 hazel-wand, between four and five feet long, and as 

 thick as a man's finger, was found lying by his side, 

 and with it a few mussel and oyster shells. 



St. James of Compostella is said to have performed 

 many miracles, and to have appeared no less than fifteen 

 times to the Spanish kings and princes, when some 

 great advantage always ensued ; for instance, one day 

 he put himself at the head of the troops of a king of 

 Spain, Rainira, king of Leon, and leading them against 



* Fosbroke's ' British Monachism,' p. 469. 



f ' Sermones Bib. Pat.' ed. Bignis xv. 330 ; ' Pilgrims of the Middle 

 Ages ' (note). 



J Fosbroke's ' British Monachism.' 



I 



