262 EDIBLE BRITISH MOLLUSCA. 



catching conger-eels and whiting-pout, also for cod- 

 fishing; but it is also a great enemy to the fisherman; 

 and on the French coast they say that the Calmar, as 

 they call it, often tears the fish from their hooks 

 during the night when they are fishing with lines. 

 The inhabitants of the Basque provinces esteem Gal- 

 mars highly as food, and call them Chipirones, and at 

 Bayonne they are also known by the same name, as 

 well as by that of Cornet or Corniche. The Spanish 

 names for Loligo vulgares are Maganos, Gibiones, Lura, 

 Calamars, Rintillas, and Galamarons ; and in Italy it 

 is known by several names also, amongst them, Gala- 

 marc, Calamajo, Totano; and Pocuranac at Fiurne.* 



M. Cantraine says that the young only of Loligo 

 sagittata are esteemed as food, and are called Galama- 

 retti ; but that Loligo subulata is the species most 

 sought after, its flesh being very delicate. Both these 

 are Mediterranean species; f 



Both in China and Japan, Squids are regularly col- 

 lected for food, and Mr. Arthur Adams gives, in the 

 c Zoologist/ p. 7518, an interesting account of the 

 Squid-fishery off Nisi-Bama, in the Oki Islands. On 

 nearing the anchorage, on the 19th November, 1859, 

 they were struck by the number of lights on the water, 

 moving in all directions, and on inquiry they found 

 that they were from fishing-boats on the look out for 

 Ika-surame, or Squids. The lights were produced by 

 kindling " birch-bark in small kinds of gratings, with 

 long wooden handles, machines known among seafaring 

 men by the name of devils. The flame of the fires is 

 very clear and vivid ; and the devils, being held over 



* ' The Fisheries of the Adriatic,' by Faber. 



f Malacologie Mediterraneene et Littorale,' par F. Cantraine. 



