C A C 



Cachao 



other the stables for the elephants and horses. The 

 I principal part of the palace is a square building, (a 



v j, form peculiar to thehabitation of the sovereign), which 



is ascended by steps of marble. It is two stories 

 high ; the halls are extremely large, and are adorned 

 with great quantities of pillars, and a profusion of 

 gilding. The ornaments, however, are of the most 

 absurd kind, and the gold is laid on without either 

 taste or judgment. The only ornaments which are 

 really fine, are the pillars, made of iron wood, which 

 is hard and compact, and of a deep brown colour. 

 This wood has veins like marble, and is polished to 

 such a degree by the dry leaves of the pine apple 

 tree, that the gloss resembles that of the finest var- 

 nish, and almost appears like the lustre of glass. The 

 columns, though colossal, are far from being well- 

 proportioned. Those which are placed at the gate 

 of the palace are about 40 feet high ; their circum- 

 ference at the base is five feet, and they diminish ra- 

 pidly towards the top. The columns have neither 

 capital nor pedestal, but are placed upon a square 

 stone sunk in the ground. This palace was laid waste 

 in the civil wars which a few years ago desolated the 

 kingdom of Tunkin ; but its ruins still attest its 

 former magnificence. 



The arsenal, which is a large building, stands on the 

 banks of that branch of the river Song-kay, which is 

 called Dombea. The house of the English factory is 

 situated on the north side of the city, from which it is 

 separated by the river ; on the south side of this build- 

 ing is the Danish factory. The city is protected 

 from the encroachments of the river by a long dike, 

 built with timber and stone, strongly cemented to- 

 gether. In different parts of the city, even in dry 

 weather, there are ditches of stagnant water and 

 stinking mud, which are extremely disagreeable to 

 strangers. The situation of the town, however, is 

 healthy, and it is seldom visited by any of those 

 pestilential diseases which are so common in many of 

 the eastern cities. 



The Emperor of Tunkin, who resides at Phu- 

 xuan, the capital of higher Cochin-china, makes an 

 annual visit to Cachao. The communes which lie 

 in his route are obliged to furnish for the emperor 

 and his suite, which resembles a little army, the ne- 

 cessary provisions, and also to build and furnish 

 houses at the end of every four leagues. The furni- 

 ture disappears after the emperor has passed, and must 

 be again replaced at the next visit. 



In Cachao there is a printing office, which is prin- 

 cipally used for religious books, and for the promul- 

 gation of the laws. The characters are made of 

 wood, and are not separate, but formed into plates 

 as in stereotype printing. Population 40,000. E. 

 Long. 105 31', N. Lat. 22 10'. See Expose 

 Statistique du Tunkin, de la Cochinehine, du Cam- 

 boge. da Tsiampos, du Laos, du Lac-Tho. Par M. 



M , sur la Relation de M. de la Brsxachere, 



Mist'ionaire dans le Tunkin. London, 1811. (e) 



CACHRYS, a genus of plants of the class 

 Pentandria, and order Digynia. See BOTANY, p. 

 165. 



CACONGO, a small kingdom of Africa, in 

 Lower Guinea, on the north banks of the Zaire, lies 

 between the 5th and 7th degree of south latitude. 



Cadiz. 



CAD 



It is bounded by the kingdom of Loango on the Cacophony 

 north, and by those of Coi^o and Angola on the 

 east and south, and by the Atlantic Ocean on the 

 west. The country is in general flat, but more sa- 

 lubrious and fertile than either Congo or Angola ; 

 and the inhabitants, though superstitiously addicted 

 to the same heathenish rites as their neighbours, are 

 rather more civilized. They are, however, repre- 

 sented as treacherous, turbulent, and cowardly ; but 

 carry on a considerable traffic with the Dutch and 

 Portuguese, who are not obliged to give so many 

 presents, in order to obtain permission to trade here 

 as at Loangu. This commerce consists chiefly in 

 certain coarse cloths, which the Dutch call kassen- 

 bidden, black knit bonnets ; shovels, hatchets, and 

 other iron tools ; tobacco, powder, red wood, linen, 

 and other merchandise, which they resell at Congo, 

 Sonho, and other African states, or exchange for 

 slaves. This kingdom is governed by its own here- 

 ditary prince, who, by certain laws of the state, it 

 prohibited from touching any articles of European 

 merchandise. It has a capital of the same name, 

 which is situated in S. Lat. 5, E. Long. 14- 20'. 

 See Peuchet Dictionnaire, &c. (L) 



CACOPHONY, in music, a term sometimes 

 used to express a jarring disagreeable combination of 

 sounds, or a noise. The effects of the wolves or 

 highly tempered concords on keyed instruments, 

 which result or come out from the tuning or adjust- 

 ing a certain number of other concords, have been 

 thus denominated by Mr Hawkes, and some other 

 writers on the subject. 



CACOUCIA, or SCHOUSBIA of Willdenow, a ge- 

 nus of plants of the class Decandria, and order Mc- 

 nogynia. See BOTANY, p. 211. 



CACTUS, a genus of plants of the class Ico- 

 sandria, and order Monogynia. See BOTANY, p. 

 227. 



CADER-IDRIS. See MERIONETHSHIRE. 



CADI. See TURKEY. 



CADIA, a genus of plants of the class Decan- 

 dria, and order Monogynia. See BOTANY,' p. 210. 



CADIZ, a city and sea-port of Spain, in the 

 kingdom of Andalusia, is supposed to have been 

 founded by the Phoenicians ; who, being attracted by 

 its commodious harbour and situation for commerce, 

 first settled a colony here, and gave it the name of 

 Gadis, or Gadira. It was afterwards incorporated with 

 the Roman empire, and was honoured by that people 

 with the title of Municipium* Upon the decline and 

 dissolution of that power, it fell into the hands of the 

 Saracens, who held it, with other parts of Spain, till 

 near the middle of the 13th century, when it was reco- 

 vered by the Spaniards, and when these intruders were 

 expelled from the kingdom of Andalusia. In 1596, 

 it was taken and plundered by the English under the 

 Earl of Essex ; and the attempt was repeated by 

 the Duke of Ormond in 1702, but after landing hit 

 troops he found it impracticable, and returned. Du- 

 ring the dreadful earthquake which demolished Lis- 

 bon, November 1st, 1755, the sea rising in an ex- 

 traordinary manner, overflowed the country about 

 Cadiz to a great extent, and by its leaving behind it 

 wrecks, which appeared to have belonged to a temple, 

 the tradition that the ancient city of Cadiz was for- 



