184 



CADIZ. 



Cadiz. for more than sixty years ; and to give our readers 

 some idea of the riches, which entered its harbour 

 and were disseminated over the kingdom, we shall 

 transcribe the cargoes of two vessels, the Trident and 

 Asturias, which arrived at Cadiz on the 25th of Au- 

 gust 1760, the one from Vera Cruz, the other from 

 the Havannah. 



FOR THE KING. 



1,607,615 bars of gold, 



400 plates of copper, 

 50 surons of cocoa, 



834 do. of tobacco in powder, 

 36 bales of tobacco in leaves, 

 48 gold coins of different sizes, 



2 bars of virgin silver, 

 600 chests of sugar, 



9 large chests of chocolate and vanilla. 



FOR COMMENCE. 



4,856,062 piastres of gold and silver in coins and 



plate, 



828 surons of fine cochineal, 

 132 do. of indigo, 



3 do. of fine cochineal dust, 

 11 do. of mechoacan, 



38 large chests of vanilla, 

 500 skins in the hair, 



1 packet of emeralds, 



86 large chests of tobacco in powder, jewels, 

 and chocolate. 



The fleet which left Cadiz the same year for New 

 Spain carried out 



36,279 quintals of iron, 

 10,672 do. of steel, 

 24 do. of nails, 

 571 do. of wire, 

 360 do. of manufactured iron, 

 118 do. of pack-thread, 

 1,329* do. of pepper, 

 2,579$ do. of oil, 



9 do. of almonds, 

 188 do. of raisins, 



44 do. of white-lead, 

 15,209 do. of wax, 

 173,870 pounds of cinnamon, 



719 hogsheads of tin, 

 10,244 do. of wine, 



393,842 reams of paper, 

 29,305 pieces of Brabant, 

 1,032 do. of German linen, 

 740 chests of books and medicines. 



All the productions of the Spanish colonies were 

 poured into Cadiz ; and all the manufactures of the 

 kingdom, as well as merchandise from various other 

 countries, were transmitted through this channel to 

 the ports of New Spain. But this privilege of ex- 

 clusive commerce with the New World was taken 

 from Cadiz above thirty years ago, and several other 

 cities of Spain have been since allowed to share it 

 equally. Cadiz has suffered considerably by this 

 measure. It still, however, retains the greatest influ- 



ence. Most of the galleons unload here, and it sends 

 out and receives the richest fleets. In the year 1791, ' 

 176 Spanish vessels from America entered this port, 

 by which it received gold and silver, cc'ned and uncoin- 

 ed, to the amount of L.5,359,203 sterling; and 101 ves- 

 sels cleared out for the different ports in that country, 

 whose cargoes of national productions or merchandize 

 were valued at L. 1,190,625 sterling. In 1792, it ex- 

 ported national goods to the amount of L. -2,8 12,500, 

 and received from America imports to the value of 

 L.7,295,833. But this trade was dreadfully reduced 

 by the war in 1801, when Spain joined France against 

 Britain. In that year, only 20 ships entered from 

 America, and 59 cleared out ; of which 42 were for 

 Vera Cruz, and the rest for Carthagena, Monte- Vi- 

 deo, and Guayra. But, independent of its traffic 

 with the New World, Cadiz carries on a very consi- 

 derable commerce with most of the nations of Eu- 

 rope. Foreigners from every country have factories, 

 magazines, and houses, in this city ; of which the 

 principal are Irish, and but very few English and 

 Dutch. It has about 720 commercial houses, ex- 

 clusive of retail dealers, most of them Spanish. Its 

 harbours are continually crowded with ships from 

 every part of the world ; the bay is scarcely ever 

 without five or six hundred ; and it has been compu- 

 ted that about a thousand vessels annually enter its 

 ports. In 1791, the number amounted to 1010; 

 viz. 180 English ; 116 French ; 104 Portuguese; 80 

 Dutch ; 6 Genoese ; 24 Ragusians ; 2 Venetians; 25 

 Swedish; 41 Danish; one Russian; one Hamburgh; 

 one Imperial ; 90 Americans ; and 339 Spanish, of 

 which one was from Manilla, 176 from America, and 

 162 from the ports of Europe. Before the revolu- 

 tion in Spain, the principal trade of Cadiz had been 

 engrossed by the French, who furnished it with wool- 

 len cloths from St Valery, Amiens, Havre, and Rou- 

 en ; linens from Morlaix, St Malo, and Nantes ; pitch 

 and tar from Bayonne ; and lard and meal from Bour- 

 deaux ; also silks, gilt articles, iron ware, &c. from 

 Marseilles, to the annual valueof more than L. 500,000; 

 and the fruits and productions of the French colonies 

 in America ; with the merchandise of the East Indies 

 and China, which were brought in French vessels di- 

 rect to Cadiz. From Britain it received pewter, lead, 

 copper, corn, stock-fish, cutlery, earthen ware, clock- 

 work, drabs, druggets, friezes, and different kinds of 

 stuffs ; and linen and spices from Holland. Its ex- 

 ports to the different cities of Europe consist of wool, 

 wine, oil, brandy, olives, citrons, oranges, raisins, figs* 

 vermilion, cochineal, indigo, vanilla, jalap, bark, Vi- 

 cuna wool, cocoa, Brasil and Campeachy wood, hides, 

 tobacco and salt. This last article of traffic, which is 

 obtained from the salt pits of Puerto Real, alone 

 amounts to upwards of L. 830,000 sterling. The 

 sherry wine which is annually exported from Cadiz, 

 is about 25.000 quintals. 



The manufactures of Cadiz are almost entirely 

 confined to ribbons and silk net work, which em ploy 

 about twenty looms ; and a few linens. They make 

 also vases of a kind of white earth called barro, which 

 are used for filtering water. 



The spirit of speculation and of trade, which pre- 

 vails so much in this great commercial city, has com- 

 pletely absorbed all taste for science and for litera- 



