C A L 



278 



C A M 



Calvinism fore, wishes to direct the prejudice of such people 

 * v < against any dogma that he might otherwise find it 

 difficult to disprove, he has only to put upon it the 

 name of Calvinism, and immediately it receives a blow, 

 from the effects of which no argument can possibly 

 savr it. In proof of this, we may notice the doc- 

 trine respecting justification, already alluded to, held 

 by all the leading reformers, and by the genuine Ar- 

 minians too, as well as by Calvin. It is much dis- 

 liked by the Pelagians, who form a more numerous 

 class of divines in the present day than is commonly 

 imagined. And that it may be equally disliked by 

 all Anti Calvinists, they continually, in defiance of 

 the plainest fact, and in contempt of repeated remon- 

 strances, represent and treat it as an essential doctrine 

 of Calvinism, by which means an odium is attached 

 to it in the estimation of hundreds, to whom it would 

 be quite acceptable in different circumstances. We 

 do not say, that Calvinism is injured by this pro- 

 ceeding ; but whatever Calvinism is, and however it 

 may be esteemed, it should certainly, as a peculiar 

 system, be kept free from any foreign admixture ; 

 and more especially when that admixture is violently 

 forced into its composition from unjustifiable motives. 

 And this remark is made, more for the sake of the 

 doctrine in question, than for Calvinism itself, be- 

 cause, though both may be true, the former is un- 

 questionably of the greatest moment ; and in relation 

 to this, the cautionary language of Dr Horsley ought 

 ever to be attended to : " Take special care," said 

 he in his last charge, " before you aim your shafts 

 at Calvinism, that you know what is Calvinism, and 

 what is not ; that in that mass of doctrine, which it 

 is of late become the fashion to abuse, under the 

 name of Calvinism, you can distinguish with certainty 

 between that part, which is nothing better than Cal- 

 vinism, and that which belongs to our common 

 Christianity, and the faith of the reformed churches." 

 Calvinism has been misrepresented in another way> 

 by some who can scarcely be suspected of ignorance. 

 Determined to bring it into discredit, at whatever 

 rate, and finding that in its genuine form it recom- 

 mends itself too much to a sound understanding, they 

 attach to it certain positions of ivhich nobody can ap- 

 prove ; hold out these as essential parts of the sys- 

 tem ; and thus, as the one cannot well be received 

 without the other, furnish a pretext for rejecting the 

 whole. Thus they represent Calvin and Calvinists as 

 teaching, that man is laid under the natural necessi- 

 ty of sinning; that he cannot resist divine grace ; 

 that he is utterly incapable of moral exertion ; and 

 many other things, equally repugnant to Calvinism, 

 to scripture, and to common sense. Instances of 

 this are to be found in the writings of most anti- 

 calviriists. And in connection with such reprehen- 

 sible unfairness and injustice, is the common practice 

 of charging upon Calvinism consequences which are 

 not merely disavowed by its abettors, but which are 

 not realized in fact, and which may, with as much 

 reason at least, be charged upon the several systems 

 of its opponents. It has been reprobated, for ex- 

 ample, as derogatory to the perfections and charac- 

 ter of God, and as injurious to the interests of prac- 

 tical morality among those who embrace it ; and 

 yet it is a notorious and undeniable fact, that where- 

 sver the doctrine aud discipline of Calvin have e:cist- 



v amaran.r 



ed, and been allowed to opente, the people have Calvinism 

 been remarkable for an enlightened piety, and the 

 strictness of their moral conduct. Indeed, one com- 

 mon objection urged against Calvinism by its ene- 

 mies, is, that it renders its votaries too pious and too 

 strict for this world as it is now constituted. 



We have made these observations, on the supposi- 

 tion that the reader is in some measure acquainted 

 with the tenets of Calvin. In this article, it is not 

 our intention to enter particularly into the statement 

 or illustration of these tenets; but under the word 

 ELECTION, we shall take the opportunity of giving 

 a concise snd accurate view of them : and, in the 

 mean time, those who wish to have the fullest in- 

 formation on the subject, must have recourse to the 

 writings of Calvin, and especially his Institution of 

 the Christian Religion, and not to the false and su- 

 perficial glosses of his adversaries ; which, as we 

 have endeavoured to shew, are unsafe guides in such 

 an investigation. 



A history of Calvinism would be interesting and 

 useful ; but our limits do not admit of it even in the 

 most succinct way in which it could, with any pro- 

 priety, be written. Under the article CONFESSION 

 OF FAITH, it will be seen how far the doctrines of 

 that system have been received by the several com- 

 munities and assemblies of the Christian church. It 

 is to be observed, however, that many sects, who 

 have no public confession of faith, have adopted and 

 maintained most firmly the leading peculiarities of 

 Calvinism. (T) 



CALYCANTHEM^E. See BOTANY, p. 78. 



CALYCANTHUS, a genus of plants of the 

 class Icosandria, and order Polygyma. See BOTANY, 

 p. 233. 



CALYCERA, a genus of plants of the class 

 Syngenesia, and order Polygamia Segregata. See 

 BOTANY, p. 310. 



CALYMENIA, a genus of plants of the class 

 Triandria, and order Monogynia. See BOTANY, p. 



CALYPLECTUS, a genus of plants of the class 

 Icosandria,and order Monogynia. See BOTANY, p. 233. 



CALYPTRA. See BOTANY, p. 45. 



CALYPTRANTHES, a genus of plants of the 

 class Icosandria, and order Monogynia. See Bo,- 

 TANY, p. 227. 



CALYSTEGIA, a genus of plants of the class 

 Pentandria, and order Monogynia. See BOTANY, 

 p. 173 ; and Brown's Prodromus Plant. Nov. Holt. 

 &c. p. 483. 



CAL.YTRIPLEX, a genus of plants of the 

 class Didynamia, and order Angiospet mia. See BO- 

 TANY, p. 258. 



CALYX. See BOTANY, p. 43. 



CAM A RAN, or KAMARAN, an island in the Red 

 Sea, lying between Loheia and Cape Israel, on the 

 Arabian coast. It stretches in the direction of north 

 east and south west, and is about 16 miles long and 

 7 broad, and only two miles distant from Cape Is- 

 rael. Large vessels can anchor with security in a 

 bay on the eastern part of the island. There is a 

 white house or fortress, containing some soldiers and 

 cannon, on the west end of the island, and it fur- 

 nishes good water, together with goats and fish, to. 

 any ships that touch there. This island is one of 



