CAMBRIDGE. 



2*7 



town from London. When completed on Mr Wil- 

 kin's plan, it will be at once an ornament and ho- 

 nour to the University. 



In the description of these colleges, we have men- 

 tioned only the number of fellows, &c. which were 

 admitted upon each foundation on its first establish- 

 ment. These, however, have been greatly increased 

 by subsequent benefactions ; and now amount to 

 more than double the original number. The follow- 

 ing list contains the number of fellows and scholar- 

 ships belonging to each society, and the number of 

 members attending the university in 1802. Each 

 college has a master or head, who, in King's College, 

 is called provost, and in Queen's, president. 



Peter House, - 

 Clare-Hall, - 

 Pembroke Hall, 

 Bene't, 



Caius, 



Trinity Hall, 



King's, 



Queen's, 



Catherine Hall, 



Jesus, 



Christ's, - 



St John's, 



Magdalene, - 



Trinity, 



Emanuel, 



Sidney, 



Fellows. Scholarships. Members. 



22 

 20 

 16 

 12 

 26 

 12 

 70 

 20 

 14 

 16 

 15 

 61 

 17 

 60 

 15 

 12 



60 



77 

 1* 



26 

 41 



114 



69 

 50 



69 



76 



80 



52 



104- 



82 



94. 



88 



28 



102 



101 



465 



61 



548 



144 



53 



Total number of members, 2147 



Those members, however, who are resident in the 

 university during term, seldom exceed a thousand ; and 

 besides the fellows and scholars, there are also main- 

 tained upon the foundation about 230 inferior officers 

 and servants. 



The other buildings belonging to the university, 

 are the senate-house, the library and schools, and the 

 botanic garden. The senate-house, where all the 

 public business of the university is transacted, is a 

 superb edifice of the Corinthian order, erected in 

 1722, from a design of Sir James Burrell. It occu- 

 pies the north side of a grand square, which has St 

 Mary's church on the east, the library on the west, 

 aad on the south an empty space, on which it is in- 

 tended to erect a building, which is to correspond 

 exactly with the senate-house, and contain the con- 

 sistory, registrar's office, &c. This structure is 

 built of Portland stone, and is decorated with pilas- 

 ters and a handsome ballustrade. On the south and 

 east entrances are elegant pediments, supported by 

 four fluted Corinthian columns, with finely carved 

 capitals. The interior of the building, which mea- 

 sures 101 feet in length, 42 in breadth, and 32 in 

 height, is ornamented with wainscots, carvings, and 

 galleries of Norway oak; the ceiling is enriched with 

 stucco work, which displays considerable taste, and 

 the floor is laid with black and white marble in alter- 

 nate squares. In the centre of the apartment, on the 

 north wall, is a statue of George I., executed by 

 Rysbrack ; and opposite is a statue of George II., 

 by Wilton. An elegant statue of the late Duke of 

 Somerset when young, by Rysbrack, occupies the 



left fide of the door at the east entrance ; and on the Cambridge. 

 right it an emblematical figure of Alma Mater, exe- 

 cuted by Borotta, an Italian, and presented to the 

 university by Sir Peter Burrell. On the scroll is in- 

 scribed : 



Cuncti Adsiut, Meritacq. Eipectcnt Prarmia. Palnue. 

 " Let all be present, and expect the palm, the re- 

 ward of merit." 



A statue of the late Mr Pitt, for which L.7000 

 were raised by private subscription, is in the hand* 

 of Npllekens, and to be placed here. 



The schools surround three sides of a small court, 

 and were erected, in 1443, at the expence of the uni- 

 versity, assisted by liberal benefactions. On the 

 north side is the divinity school ; on the west the 

 philosophy school ; and on the south the school for 

 law and physic. The whole quadrangle over the 

 schools is occupied by the library, which consists of 

 four apartments, and was erected, in 1480, at the 

 joint charge of Rothe"ram, archbishop of York, and 

 Tunstal, bishop of Durham. The new room front- 

 ing the square, which was rebuilt in 1775, has a spa- 

 cious piazza, and is surmounted with a handsome 

 ballustrade and urns. In the vestibule are an an- 

 tique colossal statue of Ceres, from the temple of 

 Eleusis ; the Cippus, from the tomb of Euclid, and 

 a number of antique marbles, inscriptions, &c. which 

 were brought from Greece by Dr E. D. Clarke, and 

 Mr Cripps of Jesus' College. This library contains ma- 

 ny valuable and curious manuscripts, among which 

 is the Beza MS. of the four Gospels and Acts of the 

 Apostles, supposed to have been written in the third 

 or fourth century, and to be one of the oldest ma- 

 nuscripts extant. 



The botanical garden lies at the south-east end of 

 the town, near Bene't College, and contains nearly 

 five acres, richly stored with all kinds of plants, ar- 

 ranged according to the Linnxan system. An ele- 

 gant green-house, above 100 feet long, has been late- 

 ly erected ; and also a lacge and handsome building 

 for the botanical, chemical, and mineralogical lectures. 



In the university of Cambridge every college is a 

 corporate body, governed by its own statutes, but 

 under the controul of the common laws of the uni- 

 versity. The government of the whole is vested in 

 the senate, and certain magistrates and officers of its 

 appointment. All doctors and masters of arts are 

 members of this body, which is divided into two 

 houses, denominated Regents, and Non-Regenls. 

 Masters of arts of less than five years standing, and 

 doctors of less than two, constitute the Regent, or 

 Upper House, which is also called the White Hood 

 House, from its members having their hoods lined with 

 white silk ; all the rest belong to the Non-Regent, or 

 Lower House, otherwise called the Black Hood House, 

 from the colour of the lining of their hoods ; but the 

 public orators, and all doctors of more than two years 

 standing, may vote in either house. A committee of 

 'the senate, called the Caput, which is chosen annually, 

 and consists of the vice-chancellor, a doctor of each 

 faculty, and a regent and non- regent master of arts, 

 consider and determine what graces or bills are to be 

 laid before the senate ; and every grace must have 

 their unanimous approbation before it can be admit- 

 ted. The public officers of the university are, the 



