CAR 462 



aufclor of several tracts, and its revenue arises from 

 4000 on funded certificates, and 10,000 acres ot 

 land. It supports a principal, three professors, and 

 has a good philosophical apparatus, and a library 

 containing more than 3000 volumes. Mr Ashe, in 

 his travels recently published, remarks, that " Car- 

 lisle has a college, and the reputation of a place of 

 learning. This may be so, but I have the misfor- 

 tune to dispute it ; and though indeed I saw an old. 

 brick building called the university, in which the 

 scholars had not left a whole pane of glass, I did 

 not. meet a man of decent literature in the town." 

 Number of houses 400. Population 1500. West 

 Long. 77 6', North Lat. 1 7 47'. See Morse's Ame- 

 rican Gazetteer, and Ashe's Travels in America in 

 1806, Letter 1. (to) 



CARLOW, or CATHERLOGII, a county of Ire- 

 land, in the province of Leinster, .bounded on the 

 north by Kildare, on the north-west by Queen's 

 County, on the north-east by Wicklow, on the south- 

 east by Wexford, and on the west and south-west by 

 Kilkenny. The part of the county which lies to the 

 west of the river Barrow, is covered with high and 

 rough hills, and in the south-eastern part that is con- 

 tiguous to Wexford, there is another mountainous 

 district, stretching from the rocky mount called Lein- 

 ster to another eminence called Blackstai) s. The 

 level part of the county is rich and fertile, the soil 

 is of a. calcareous nature, and in many places the cul- 

 tivation has extended considerably up the sides of the 

 mountains. Leases which formerly ran for thirty- 

 one years and three lives, have been of late granted 

 for twenty-one years and one life ; and the fee has 

 been more transferred here than in any other part of 

 the country. The average rents in- this county are 

 50s. per acre. The following is a statement of the 

 quantity of cultivated and uncultivated land. 



e A R 



Baronies. 



Ruthvilly 

 Carlow, 

 Forth 

 I drone 

 St Mullins 



123,516 



12,217 



Carlow is reckoned one of the first dairy counties 

 in Ireland. The dairies consist of from 20 to 50 

 cows, and, during the season, produce 1^ cwt. of 

 butter per cow. Barley of the best quality is raised 

 in Carlow, and a larger quantity is sown than in any 

 other part of the kingdom. It is carried by the ca- 

 nal from Carlow to Dublin ; and in the north it is 

 consumed by the illicit distilleries. 



Iron ore, a considerable quantity of oxide of man- 

 ganese, limestone, marie, and a great variety of clays, 

 are found in the county ; but its mineralogy has not 

 yet been carefully examined. 



The principal river in Carlow is the river Barrow, 

 which traverses the county from north to south, and 

 forms its western boundary for many miles. This 

 river is navigable, and its navigation has of late been 

 greatly improved. The river Slaney also crosses the 



eastern part of the county, and, though small in eize, 

 it contributes to the beauty of the surrounding dis- 

 tricts. 



Carlow is about 33 English miles long from north- 

 to south, and 29 miles broad at its grea'est breadth. 

 It contains 220,098 English acres, or 341- square 

 miles, and is divided into 50 parishes. The principal- 

 towns are Carlow, Leighlinbridge, Tullow, Pala- 

 tine town, and Rutland, Hacketstown, Clonegal, and, 

 Gouabridge. . The number of houses is 8763, which, 

 at the rate of five to each house, gives a population, 

 of 43,815. See Transactions of Hie Dublin Society; 

 Young's Tour in Ireland; Beaufort's Memoir of a 

 Map of Ireland; and Wakefield's Statistical and Po- 

 litical Account of Ireland, London, 1812. (y) 



CARLOW, CATHERJLOGH, or CATIIERLOCH, a 

 word which signifies the fortress in the lake t is the, 

 capital of the county of Carlaw, and is situated on 

 the east side of the river Barrow, in the north-west: 

 part of the county. The town, which is regularly 

 built, is superior in riches to most towns in Ireland, 

 and has some good public buildings. There are here 

 some ruins of a fine abbey, which was built in A. D.< 

 6'3.4. The town was formerly walled, and defended 

 by a castle, which has a turret situated upon an emi- 

 nence which overhangs the Barrow. Considerable? 

 quantities of coal and coarse woollen cloth are ex-, 

 ported; and its trade is facilitated by the improved, 

 navigation of the Barrow, which communicates with. 

 Waterford river, and with the grand canal. Coarse 

 implements, such as reaping hooks, scythes, or sheers, 

 are manufactured here. There is a large seminary in 

 Carlow for the education of Roman Catholic priests, 

 The part of the town called Grainge, on the Queen, 

 County's side of the bridge, contained, in 1806, 1240, 

 inhabitants, and Carlow 5335, in all, 6575 inhabi- 

 tants, and 1109 houses. West Long. 6 58', North 

 Lat. 52 50'. See Beaufort's Book of Roads; and, 

 Wakefield's Statistical and Political Account of Ire- 

 land, London, 1812. ( j) 



CARLSBAD, or WARY, a town of Bohemia, in. 

 the circle of Saatz, situated on. the river Eger, and 

 celebrated for its hot, springs, which were discoveredL- 

 in 1370, by Charles IV. while he was hunting. This 

 town, which is now much frequented as a watering, 

 place, contains several public buildings, such as the 

 church, the Hotel de Ville, the new theatre, the hall 

 of Bohemia, and that of Saxony. The part of the 

 town called the Wiese, or the Meadow, is the most 

 healthy and agreeable quarter of the town. It cpn-. 

 sists of a long range of houses, before which is an es- 

 planade adorned with fine chesnut trees, and which 

 stretch even to the banks of the. river Toepel. . The, 

 lower story of the houses is occupied by shops and 

 work houses. Carlsbad is most frequented in the 

 months of June and July. The principal manufac- 

 tures of the place, are works of tin and Damascus 

 steel ; and the arms fabricated here are known over 

 the whole of Europe. The principal spring, called 

 the Sprudel, discharges, with great velocity, about 

 352 cubic feet of water hourly, through a curious na- 

 tural vault, or incrustation of stalactite, and has a tem- 

 perature of 165 of Fahrenheit. An esplanade and a 

 fine salloon, built by M. de Saldern, the Russian mi- 

 nister, serves as a promenade to those who drink the 



Carlow, 

 Carlsbad, 



