CAR 



545 



CAR 





lashes fixed like the semples of a common draw loom, 

 the lathes forming a small curve, in order to ensure 

 a con taut pressure against the barrel. K and Y the 

 wheel and pinion, by which the barrel is moved round. 

 L, M, O, and P do not appear, the view being 

 the opposite side of the loom. N shews one of the 

 hcddlcs, the wipers which move them being conceal- 

 ed by the wheel K. Q, the lashes. R, the pullies 

 which support the four leaves of heddles omitted in 

 Fig. 1, and the heddles themselves appear at S. At 

 T is the lay and reed, at U are the rods for the two 

 warps, and at V the double cloth. The two beams 

 are at a b, and the tension of the web is preserved by 

 two inverted balances, the lighter weights being at 

 X, and the heavier suspended on levers at WW. 

 The levers acting as steelyards, the tension may be 

 increased or diminished at pleasure, merely by mo- 

 ving the weights. 



It has been deemed unnecessary to specify parti- 

 cularly any way of moving the web from one beam 

 to the other, because three different plans will be 

 found, which are in actual use in the representations 

 and descriptions of power-looms, given under the 

 article CLOTH MANUFACTURE ; and either of these 

 may be applied to this loom with equal facility as to 

 any other. It is, however, necessary, in order to 

 complete the automatic properties of the loom, either 

 that one of these, or some efficient substitute for 

 them, should be adopted. The shuttle and lay mo- 

 tions being also common to all power-looms, are 

 therefore totally omitted here. 



The above description will probably enable an in- 

 telligent mechanic to comprehend the principles of 

 the invention ; but in this, as in all new discoveries, 

 much improvement is always to be expected and ac- 

 quired by actual trial. Its obvious utility, even as a first 

 sketch, may render it of service to those who find it 

 their interest to prosecute this manufacture. (J.B.) 



CARPHA, a genus of plants of the class Tri- 

 andria, and order Monogynia. See BOTANY, p. 113, 

 and R. Brown, Prod. Plant. Nov. Holl. Sec. p. 230. 



CARPHALE A, a genus of plants of the class Te- 

 trandria and order Monogynia. See BOTANY, p. 122. 



CARPINUS, a genus of plants of the class Mo- 

 jicecia, and order Polyandria. See BOTANY, p. 327. 



CARPOCRATIANS. See ECCLESIASTICAL 

 HISTORY. 



CARPODETUS, a genus of plants of the class 

 Pentaudria, and order Monogynia. SeeBoTANY,p.l55. 



CARRACCI. See CARACCI. 



CARRE', Louis, a celebrated French mathema- 

 tician, was born at Clos-Fontaine, near Nangis, in 

 Brie, on the 26th July 1663. His father, who was 

 a 'respectable farmer, having intended him for the 

 church, young Carre prosecuted the study of theo- 

 logy for three years ; but, in consequence of his re- 

 fusing to take orders, all his pecuniary supplies' were 

 withheld, and he was obliged to quit the university 

 and seek for employment. In this situation, he was 

 engaged as amanuensis to the celebrated Father Ma- 

 lebranche, under whom he acquired a knowledge of 

 mathematics and metaphysics. After having filled 

 this bituation during seven years, ,he employed him- 

 self in teaching mathematics and philosophy at Pa- 

 ris. In this new employment he had several pupils 

 of the fair sex, for whose talents he seems to have 

 entertained a very uncommon, and rather an extra- 



VOL V. PART II. 



vagant degree of respect, when he estimated female 

 genius as higher than that of the other sex. The lan- 

 guage of Carre being rather unpolish'-d and ungram- 

 matical, one of his fair pupils offered to give him 

 lessons in French, in return for hi< philosophical in- 

 structions. Carre cheerfully accepted the offer, and 

 often acknowledged himself greatly indebted to the 

 instructions which he then received. 



The subject of metaphysics now occupied all the 

 leisure hours of Carre, and hit* mathematical studies 

 were almost completely forgotten, f!l the 1th Feb- 

 ruary 1699, when M. Vjuigoon admitted him as one 

 of his eleves in the Academy of Sciences. Thia 

 new office drew his attention to mathematics and 

 in the year 1700 he published, in quarto, a complete 

 work on the integral calculus, entitled, Utu 

 thode pour la mesvre dex aurfucet, la dimension des 

 solides, leur centre depesanteur, de percussion, el d'ot- 

 cillation. This w >rk reached a second edition, in 

 which several errors were candidly acknowledged and 

 corrected. 



On the 15th February 1702, M. Carre was admit- 

 ted Associate Mechanician, and on the 18th August 

 1706, he was promoted to ihe situation of Pensioner ; 

 the emoluments of which enabled him to devote him- 

 self entirely to his studies, but particularly to the va- 

 rious branches of mechanics and natural philoso- 

 phy. He composed treatises on a great variety of 

 physical subjects, all of which were bequeathed to 

 the Academy of Sciences, though it does not ap- 

 pear that any of them have been published. In the 

 forty-eighth year of his age, he was attacked with 

 dyspepsia, which at last brought him to the grave, 

 on the llth of April 1711. 



The following is a list of the papers which he pub- 

 lished among the Memoirs of the Academy of Sciences : 



Observations Anatomiqiu-s stir la dilatation de I'o- 

 reilldte droile du cfeur, Mem. Acad. 1G66', torn. ii. 

 p. 210. MModc LIOUI- la nrti/iaitim des lignes 

 courbes par les taitgentes, 1701, p. 1.39, hist. 83. 

 Solution du probleme propose aux GeomZ-tres dans 

 les mcmoires de Trcvoux, dcs mois de Septeinbre et 

 d'Octobre, 1701, 1702, p. 268, hi f . 85. Kyiexions 

 ajoutecs par M. Carre a la Table di's Equations, 

 1701, hLt. 111. Obs. sur la cau<e de la refraction 

 de la lumiere, 1702, hist. 14-. Pourquoi !e< inan-es 

 vont tou jours en augment ant depuis Bret; /Kfqn'u 

 Saint-Malo, et en din^nuant le long des cotes de Xor- 

 niamiie, 1702, hist. 19. Numbre et noms a, , i> t .tt ru- 

 mens de musique, 1702, hist. 130'. Obs. sur la ri- 

 tiaigrr qiri fair rouler de petites / nu plan 



incline, 1703, hist. 21. Obs. sur la rectification ces 

 caustiqucs par rtjlexions formees par le circle, la 

 cycloids ordinaire, et la parabole, et >vel- 



oppees, arec la nicsure iU v , :fer- 



tnent, 1703, p. 183. hist. 69, Meihode pour la rec- 

 tification des courbes, 1704-, p. 66. li^t. 4f Ob- 

 servalion sur ce aui produit le son, 17(M-, hist. 88. 

 Examen d'unc courbefonnce par le mcyen du circle, 

 1705, p. 56. J'-.rp. physiques svr la >\fraiion i.'es 

 balles de mousquct dans I'cuu, et sur la resistance de 

 ce Jluide, 1705, p. 211. Exp. sur kg /. v/ wr capil- 

 laires, 1705, p. 2-il, hist. 21. Prcl'leme ^ hydro- 

 staiique sur la proportion des tuuatuc pour acoir une 

 quatilite d'eau df-'crniinfe, !705, p. '275. hist. 135. 

 Des loix du mouvement, 1706, p. 44-2, hist. 124. 

 Demonstrations simples et faciles de quelqvet pro- 

 3 z 



C.rrA. 



