, 



r F. T o r, 





mach 



cc, 



r, 



if the general form and propor- 

 :atcd stomach of cetacea, as seen 

 , tin- vMillrt, where it JMBiA 

 the second stomach ; ddd, t 

 the fourth stomach ; f, the py- 

 lorus. _ ^p 



S. A side view of the muscular and bony parts 

 connected with the blow-holes in the dolphin. H, the 

 tongue, seen from above; Lit, the nostrils; c, the 

 pharynx ; d, the larynx ; e, the left horn of the 03 

 hymdcs ; f, the stylo-glossus muscle. 



Fig. 9. A horizontal view of the same parts dis- 

 sected, to as to shew, a, the common opening of the 



blow hoi 



!**, 



attaqhed 



Fig. la AM. 

 the male porpesse. 

 m 



membruqtu VBA^IsW Cftologr. 

 the second layer of muscular > *"*V"* i ' 

 nembranous bag*. J*f* 

 jhftorgans of reproduction !-, 

 , the urinarv bladder, 

 re ; &A, the ureters ; cc, ue 

 the commencement of the t 

 %?thit(Mpf/J cavernoaum penit \ ee, the mi 

 envelopes the prostate gland, and the beginr 

 the urethra ; //^ihe^fcjJxioei l ^ at an HV r to *' 

 pelvis of quadrupeds ; g, the rectum ; h, the anus 

 ii, the two retractor muscles or ligaments ; kk, the 

 glans ; /, the external orifice of the urethra. 



PART II. NATURAL HISTORY OF THE SPECIES. 



laena 

 tribe. 



jmt*r of A HE number of tribes and species into which ceta- 

 ibes and ceous animals have been divided, varies in different 

 authors. In the last edition of Linne's Systema Na- 

 tuni't edited by Gmelin, the Genera are still only four 

 in number, viz. BAL^ENA, PHYSETER, DELPHINUS, 

 and MONODON ; but the whole number of species is 

 fifteen. In the Cetologie of Bonnaterre, forming the 

 description of the plates of cetacetfia the Encyclope- 

 dic Methodique, the species of Linne's four genera 

 described amount to twenty- five. La Cepede, in his 

 Hisloirc Nuturdh'. des Cetaces, has augmented the 

 genera to ten ; dividing Linne's genus BALDEN A into 

 two, BAL^EJJA and BAJL;ENOPTERA; forming the Mo- 

 notion spurius of Bonnaterre into a new genus ANAR- 

 NACUS ; dividing the PwYSETERof former naturalists 

 into three tribes, CATODONT, PHYSALUS, and PHYSE- 

 TER; and their DELPHINUS into two, DKLPHINAPTE- 

 JK.S and DELPHINUS ; and constituting a hew genus, 

 HYPEROODON, for the sake of an anomalous species, 

 which some have ranked as a DELPHINUS, while o- 

 thers have considered it as a BALJENA. This distin- 

 guished naturalist has swelled the list of species to 

 thirty four j but he has done this by introducing as 

 species what the best writers before him have, we 

 think very justly, regarded as varieties. Though 

 La Cepede's Genera have been adopted by the au- 

 thor of the article CLASSIFICATION in Rees's CY- 

 CLOPEDIA, we have not ventured to follow him im- 

 plicitly, as we are not satisfied with this minute frit- 

 tering down of the established divisions. We have, 

 however, adopted three of his new genera, thus form- 

 ing seven tribes. .. AJI> 



ORDER I. EDENTATA, OR TOOTHLESS CETACEA. 

 GENUS I. BALJEN.S:, Common Whales. 



IN this tribe there is no appearance of a fin on the 

 back, though two of the species have there one or 

 two protuberances. There are always two distinct 

 blow holes, situated on the most prominent part of 

 the head. Their head is very long and large in pro- 

 portion to the size of their body, occupying a third or 

 fourth part of their whole length ; exceedingly deep 

 from the crown to the base, but compressed upon the 

 sides ; broadest near the middle, and diminishing a 

 little towards the snout. The jaws are nearly equal 

 io length ; but the lower jaw is broader than the up- 

 per, and has a furrow for receiving the lower edge of 

 the horny plates or whalebone, that are suspended 



from the palate. The eyes are email, and p 1 

 little above the argles of the mouth, and there 

 two small external orifices behind the eye, that fo 

 the external auditory passages. 



There are four species, all confined chiefly to the 

 northern ocean, off the coasts of Greenland, Iceland, 

 and North America. 



The following are the most deserving of notice. 



Species 1. Balcena Myslicelus ; Black, or Greenland 

 Whale. 



Baleine Franche. Bonnaterre. Encyclo. Method. r 

 Des Cetaces. La Cepede, Hist. Nat. des Cetaces. 

 Balcena Major Bipitmis, Sibbald, Phalainolog. " 

 Common Whale, Pennant, Brit. Zool. vol. iii. Great 

 Myslicele, Shaw, Gen. Zool. vol. ii. part 2. 



This is supposed to be the largest animal which 

 has yet attracted the observation of naturalists ; and 

 unless we can attach more credit than they seem to 

 deserve to the wonderful accounts given by Pontoppi- 

 dan and some other northern writers of the broken, 

 whose immense body lies tretched like a moderate- 

 sized island, and the sea snake, that rears its head 

 above the topmast of a man of war, there appears 

 little reason to doubt the supposition. Individuals 

 of this species are often caught, that measure about 60 

 feet in length, and nearly 40 in circumference ; and 

 we are informed, on very credible authority, that 

 whales of at least twice these dimensions have for- 

 merly been taken. To this latter size we must at pre 

 sent limit our belief, though ancient naturalists have 

 given accounts of whales above 900 feet long. We 

 are, however, disposed to think, that those writers 

 who discredit the accounts of voyagers and his- 

 torians of the whale fishery respecting the great 

 size of whales formerly taken, are not warranted in 

 their disbelief, because they themselves .have not seen 

 any of those large dimensions. There can be little 

 doubt, that one natural effect of the long war which 

 man has carried on against these animals, must be to 

 diminish their number, and more especially that of the 

 larger individuals, which, from being more profitable, 

 would be more coveted. Hence it may readily be 

 conceived, that the whales :iuw taken are very infe- 

 rior in size to those killed at or near the commence' 

 ment of the whale-fishery. 



When this species is seen from a distance c.. 

 sea, it appears like a dark unformed mass, lie at:: 

 little above the surface of the water ; but whai 



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