CHE 



ISO 



C H I 



Saxons bad got pottesMon of the rest of the country. 

 From the time that it became subject to the latter peo- 

 ^ pie, tilt the reign of Charle* I. it continued to he the 

 constant scene of action i> irtie?, and, 



like every other en.: in similar circumst 



severely felt the scourge of the ruling faction*. Under 

 Henry VII. and VIII. it first enjoyed some respite, and 

 the immunities granted by those monarch* were confirm- 

 ed by Charles II. out of gratitude to the citv for its un- 

 -hakcn fidelity to his unfortunate father. Chester is a 

 bishop's tee. It was anciently part of the diocese of 

 Litch field, one of whose bishops removing the seat of his 

 . . I). InT.'i. his successors came to be fre- 

 quently styled bishops of Chester. It was not, however, 

 ull the time of the general di-i hition of monasteries tiu- 

 t\ing Henry VIII. that this was erected into a dis- 

 tinct bishopric. This diocese now contains the counties 

 of Cheshire and Lancashire, part of the counties oi West- 

 moreland, Cumberland, and Yorkshire, two chapelries and 

 five parishes in Flintshire ; in all '236 parishes, of which 

 101 are impropnations. Of the livings of the city, St 

 John's is a vicarage, St Olave's a curacy in the patron- 

 age of the bishop ; the rest are rectories under the same 

 patronage, with the exception of Trinity, which is in the 

 gift of the Earl of Derby. 



The annual fairs of Chester, which are among the 

 most noted in England, are held on the last Thursday in 

 February, which is for cattle only ; July 5. and October 

 10, for cattle, Irish linen, cloths, hardware, hops, dra- 

 pery, and Manchester goods : The two last continue up- 

 wards of three weeks. The stated market days are Wed- 

 nesday and Saturday, when there is an abundant supply 

 brought up of every article of provision. The city is 

 situated in N. Lat. 53 12', W. Long. 6 3'. 



Number of inhabited houses in 1811 3,296 



Families that occupy them, S,"15 



Houses building, 15 



Houses uninhabited, . . . , 161 



Families employed in agriculture 397 



Families employed in trade and manufactures, . 2,296 



Families not included in these classes, 1 ,052 



Number of males, 7,007 



Number of females 9.133 



Total population 16,11-0 



See Aikin's Description of the country round Man- 

 rhester ; Pennant's Tour in Wale*, and Tour from 

 Chester lo London; Hist, and Antiq. of Chester; Nor- 

 den's Cheshire, &c. (K) 



CHESTERFIELD, a town of England, in the 

 hundred of Scaresdal-, and county of Derby, is situ- 

 ated on the side of a bill, between twq rivulets, called 

 the Ibber and the Kother. It is large and irregularly 

 " built, and contains few objects that are particularly de- 

 serving of notice. The church, which was erected to- 

 wards the end of the llth century, is built in the form 

 f a cross, and is both spacious and handsome. It 

 spire, which is 230 feet high, and is built of timber, 

 covered with lead, is distorted in such a singular man- 

 ner, that it appears to deviate from the perpendicular in 

 whatever direction it is approached. In the chancel is the 

 bury::ig-place of the family of the Foljambs. Two 1 ir \- 

 altar tombs, and several inscription*, still remain. Previ- 

 ous to the tenth of Richard I., a hospital for lepers was 

 founded in this town, and continued till the lime oi Henry 

 VIII. The grammar school, or chapel school as it is 

 1, was founded in the reign of Quern Elizabeth, 

 and was at /TIC tune the largest in the north of England. 

 The school-house was buill in 1710. An elegant town- 



hall, comprehending the debtor's gaol, the gaoler's house, Chester- 

 and large room for holding the sessions, was built fi ' ltl 

 few years ago m the market-place ; and, about the name c u ; c |I f , tfr 

 time, a handso:; im was built at the Castle _,- -,_ - 



Inn. The principal manufactures of Chesterfield are 

 stockings coarse earthen-ware, carpet*, and sho 

 which large quantities are annually sent to London. 

 There is also a silk and cotton mill here, and great quan- 

 tities of lead are sent from this place by the Chesterfield 

 canal which joins the Trent below Gainsborough. The 

 iron works in the town and neighbourhood likewise fir . 

 nish employment to the inhabitant!!. 



Thi- market is well supplied with cnrn, K-si!, : 

 leather, stockings, blanket!), and bedding, in which ar- 

 ticles a very considerable trade is carried on with the 

 neighbouring towns. 



In the paiish of Chesterfield there were, in 1S1 !, 



Inhabited houses 



Families 973 



Families employed in agriculture 51 



Families employed in trade 



Males '202" 



Females '2+51 



Total population 



See Description of Englnnil antl IVtiles, v ,1. iii. p. 1 17 ; 

 and Britton and Bray ley's Beauties oj 'England and Wales, 

 vol. iii. p. 537. (') 



CHESTER -I.K MVEET, supposed to be the Conder- 

 cum of the Romans, is a very large and thriving villjjri , si- 

 tuated in a valley to the west of the river Wear, opposite 

 to Lumley Castle. The houses are chiefly arranged in a 

 street about a mile in length, and the principal public build- 

 ings are the church, and the deanery house. The church 

 is a handsome stone building with a nave, side aisles and 

 tower, and contains numerous monuments, with effigies of 

 the noble family of Lumley. Thr spire, which isot stone, is 

 156 feet high, and is reckoned one of the finest in the north 

 of England. At Whitehill or Whitwell, in the neigh- 

 bourhood, iron is made of ironstone, dug out of pit?. 

 According to the returns in 1811, the parish of Ches- 

 ter- lr Street, which includes the townships of Lamb- 

 ten, Great Lumley, and little Lumley, contains 267 in- 

 habited houses, 273 families, and 1205 inhabitants. See 

 Brayley and Britten's Beauties of England and Water,- 

 vr>L v. p. 186 ; and Hutchinson's Durham, vol. ii. p. 

 398. (.;) 



CH1AMPA. SeeTsiAMPA. 



CH1APA. See GUATIMALA. 



CHICHESTER, a city of England, in the county 

 of Sussex, is situated in a level tract of country, on ground 

 a little elevated, and is surrounded on every side but the 

 north by the river Livant. This town was formerly en- 

 compassed with a stone wall, having four gates corre- 

 sponding with the four cardinal point?. From each of 

 these gates was a street which derived its name from the 

 gate, and terminated in the market-place, in tho centre 

 of the city. These four principal streets have a consider- 

 able width, and are well paved ; but the gateways are 

 now destroyed, and only a few parts of the embattled 

 wall remain. One of the remaining portions of the wall 

 is on the north side of the city, where an extensive ter- 

 race was raised in 1725, and now forms an elegant pro- 

 menade. 



The principal public buildings of Chichester, are the 

 cathedral, the churches, the market cross, the market 

 house, the guild-hall, the bishop's palace, a theatre, 

 (situated at the bottom of South-street), a work-house, 

 a custom-house, a free school, and some chapels. The 

 cathedral, with the bishop's palace and the houses of 



