C H R 



35- 



Christiana. The town has thus a great appearance of elegance, which 

 > * ~V"^' is increased by the cleanness with which it is kept. The 

 principal public buildings and establishments are, a 

 gymnasium or Latin school, the parish church, a house 

 of correction, a bank, and a printing house. The Latin 

 school, endowed by Christian IV. in 1635, is governed 

 by an upper and under master, and three assistants. In 

 1781-. it contained only 37 scholars. A collecti m of 

 6000 volumes, lately left to the town by M. Deichman, 

 has laid the foundation of a public library. Many at- 

 tempts have been made by Mr Anktr, to establish a uni- 

 versity in Christiana, but this wise plan has hitherto been 

 prohibited. Such is the low state of literature, that there 

 13 not even a bookseller's shop in the town, and when 

 any b.n.k. ii wanted, it is ordered from Copenhagen or 

 Hamburgh. The castle of Aggerhuus, which stands 

 on a rocky eminence on the west side of the bay, at a 

 short distance from the town, is strong though small. 

 The garrison in the time of war is 1000, but during 

 peace it is reduced to 500. 



" Christiana," says Mr Coxc, " has an excellent har- 

 bour, and carnis on a considerable trade The principal 

 exports are tar, soap, iron, copper, planks, and deals ; 

 alum manufactured at Mr Cooper's works for about 

 j3000: iron from the four works of Borum, Edawold, 

 Narkedahl, and Oudahlen, 14,000; copper from Fol- 

 dahl, 16 10,000 ; planks and deals, yo,000, principally 

 to England. 



The planks and deals are of superior estimation to those 

 sent from America, Russia, and from the different parts 

 of the Baltic, because the trees grow on the rocks, and 

 are therefore firmer, more compact, and less liable to rot 

 thao th.' others, which chiefly shoot from a sandy or 



C H R 



loamy soil. The planks are eiiner red or white fir, or Christians, 

 pine. The red wood is produced from the Scotch fir, "*~y^ 

 and the white wood, which is in such a high estimation, 

 from the spruce fir. This wood is the most demanded, 

 because no country produces it in such quantities as this 

 part of Norway. Each tree yields three pieces of tim- 

 ber eleven or twelve feet in length, and i-i usually sawed 

 into three planks. A tree generally requires 70 or 80 

 years growth, before it arrives at the greatest perfection. 

 The environs of Christiana not yielding sufficient planks 

 for exportation, the greater pait of the timber is hewn 

 in the inland country, and floated down the rivers and ca- 

 taracts. Saw mills are used for the purpose of cutting 

 the planks, but must be privileged, and can only cut a 

 certain quantity. The proprietors are bound to declare 

 on oath, that they have not exceeded that quantity ; and 

 if they do, the privilege is taken away, and the saw mill 

 destroyed. There are 136 privileged saw mills at Chris- 

 tiana, of which 100 belong to the family of Anker. The 

 quantity of planks permitted to be cut amounts to 

 20,000,000 standard deals, twelve feet long, and one inch 

 and a quarter thick." 



The greater part of the country round Christiana be- 

 longs to the inhabitants of the town. An account of 

 the family of the Ankers, distinguished by their opulence, 

 their hospitality, and their intelligence, and of the splen- 

 did prospects in the neighbourhood of Christiana, wll be 

 found at considerable length in Knttner's Trivels through 

 Denmark, Sweden, &c. Let. vii., and also in Cox 's ira- 

 veis in Poltiait, Russia, &c. vol. v. 5th edit. p. 24. The 

 population of Cnnstiana iu 1801 vas 9005. East lon- 

 gitude 10 26' 45", and north, latitude 59 55' '20". (x) 



CHRISTIANITY. 



This article 

 is ctmfujid 

 to the i vi 

 denies of 

 (Jhrmiam* 



There are 

 two way & 



it verify 

 ing a hu- 

 man nit*- 



MgC. 



The first 

 way <, by 

 aim aing 

 tu i L- in- 

 le. ul evi- 

 dtiiic of 

 ihc met. 

 ugt itsrlt, 

 aim ofcn 

 inufficiem. 



1 . IT is not proposed by us in this article, to enter ei- 

 .ito the histc ry ot the Christian religion, or into 

 r itty and doctrine*. These we leave to the articles 

 Lcci ESIASTIC.IL HISTORY and THEOLOGY. Wepropo-e 

 to con hi b to what have b-.'ei. called the Ei'i- 



dences of Christianity ; ^r to exhibit a general view of 

 those arguments, winch go to pr.>v>- that the New Tes- 

 tament is the authentic record of an actual communica- 

 tion from G<-'d to man. 



2. Were a verbal communication to come to us from 

 a person at a distance, there are two ways in which we 

 might try to satisfy ourselves, that this was a true com- 

 munication, and that there was no imposition in the af- 

 fair. We might either ait in examination upon the sub- 

 stance of the. nv.-i-sdge ; and then from what we knew of 

 the person from whom it professed to come, judge whe- 

 ther it was probable that such a message would be sent 

 by him ; or we may sit in examination upon the credibi- 

 lity of th TS. 



3. It is evidem, that in carrying on the first exami- 

 nation, we might be subject t. < very great uncertainty. 

 The professed author of the communication in question 

 may live at such a distance from us, that we m.iy ne- 

 ver have it in uui power to verity his message by any 

 personal conversation With him. \Ve may be so far ig- 

 norant of h:s character and designs, as to be ui:qu 'h 

 fied t . judge of the kind of communication that should 

 proceed iro.n him. To estimate aright the probable au- 



thenticity of the message from what we know of its Christian!- 

 author, would require an acquaintance with his plans, tv - 

 and views, and circumstances, of which we may not be '""Y" 

 in possession. We may bring the greatest degree of sa- 

 gacity to this investigation ; but then the highest saga- 

 city is of no avail, when there is an insufficiency of data. 

 Our ingenuity may be unbounded ; but then we may- 

 want the materials. The principle which we assume 

 may be untrue in itself, and therefore might be fallaci- 

 ous in its application. 



4. Thus, we may derive very little light from our first The second 

 argument. But there is still a second in reserve,--lhe is l>y at- 

 credibility of the messengers. We may be no judges of tending to 

 the kind ot communication which is natural, or likely to J|f e cre di- 



proceed from a person with whom we are but imperfect- ,,' "^ of 



the mt-s-en- 

 ly acquainted ; but we may be very competent judges ger> ,,,<j ;, 



of the degree of faith that i& to be reposed in the bear- mure to be 

 era of that communication. We may know and appre- dep.nded 

 tiate the natural signs of veracity. There H a tone and oa> 

 a mrmier characteristic of honesty, which may be both 

 intelligible and convincing. There may be a concur- 

 rence of several messengers. There may be their sub- 

 stantial agreement. There may be the total want of any 

 thing like concert or collusion among them. There may 

 be their determined and unanimous perseverance, in spite 

 of all the incredulity and all the opposition which they 

 meet with. The subject of the communication may be 

 most unpalatable to us j and we be so unreasonable, as 



