CHRONOLOGY. 



435 



Chronolo. 



gy- 



A. D. 



953. 



957. 

 958. 

 959. 



960. 

 961. 

 962. 

 96 1. 

 965. 

 966. 

 967. 



968. 



969. 

 971. 

 975. 



976. 

 977. 

 978. 

 979. 



980. 

 982. 



983. 

 985. 



986. 

 987. 



988. 

 990. 

 991. 



993. 

 994. 



99.5. 

 996. 



998 

 1000 



1001. 



1002. 



1004. 

 1005. 



1006. 

 1007. 

 1009. 



nio. 



Otho subdues the Hungarians in Bavaria. 



The Sclavonians defeated in Saxony by Otho. 



War between thu Normans and Saracens in Italy. 



Italy pillaged by Berenger. The power of the 



monks very great in England. Rhazes, the Ara- 

 bian physician, ob. 1010, act. about 90. 



Otho marches against the Vandals. 



Candia recovered from the Saracens by Phocas. 



A large comet appeared. 



Italy united to the empire of Germany. 



Geber the Arabian astronomer flourished. 



Bulgaria invaded by Russia. 



Cyprus and Antioch recovered from the Saracens 

 by Nicephorus. Placed by some in 965. 



A famine in Germany. Spain ravaged by the 

 Normans. 



Otho, jun. drives the Saracens from Italy. 



The Russians, Bulgarians, &c. defeated byBardas. 



A comet appeared in August, and continued vi- 

 sible eight months. 



Bardas usurps the eastern empire for 10 years. 



The Bohemians subdued by Otho. 



Abbo, the monk and astronomer, ob. 1003. 



War between Otho and Lothaire. A comet ap- 

 pears in Virgo. 



Apulia and Calabria recovered by Basil and Con- 

 stautine, the emperors of Constantinople. 



Albiranius, the Arabian geographer. Saxony 



ravaged by the Vandals and Bohemians. A civil 



war in Spain. 



Venice distracted by violent commotions. 



England and Scotland invaded by the Danes un- 

 der Sueno. 



An earthquake in Greece. 



The Carlovingian race terminates, and the third 

 race of kings begins in France. 



Plague in Germany. 



The Normans invade England. 



The figures in Arithmetic brought into Europe, 

 by the Saracens, from Arabia. Gerbert, after- 

 wards Pope Silvester II. ob. about 1003. 



A great eruption of Vesuvius. 



England invaded with a great army by the King 

 of Denmark. 



Almanzor defeats the Christians. 



Otbo III. declares the empire of Germany elec- 

 tive. Hugh Capet dies, and is succeeded by 

 his son Robert. 



Almansor defeated by the Christians. 



Basil routs the Bulgarians, and drives them from 

 Thessaly. In 999 or 1000 a large globe of fire 

 appeared. 



ELEVENTH CENTURY. 



AD insurrection against Otho in Rome. 



Otho III. dies at Paterno. The title of king of 



the Romans assumed by the emperor Henry. 



Massacre of the Danes in England, Nov. 13. 



Avicenna, the Arabian physician, ob. 1050, zt. 



80. 



England invaded by Sueno. A comet appears. 

 The old churches begin to be rebuilt in a new 



style of architecture. A comet seen for 13 days. 

 A pestilence throughout Europe for three years. 

 A great eruption of Vesuvius. 

 A civil war among the Saracens in Spain. A 



large comet appears at the end of May, and is 



seen during four months. 

 An earthquake at Constantinople. 



A. D. 

 1012. 



1013. 

 101*. 



1015. 

 1016. 



1017. 

 1018. 

 1019. 

 1020. 

 1022. 



1023. 

 1028. 



1030. 

 1031. 



1032. 

 1033. 



1035. 



1036. 

 1038. 



104O. 



1011. 

 1042. 



1043. 

 1046. 



1050. 

 1052. 

 1053. 



1055. 

 1057. 



1068. 

 1059. 

 1060. 

 1061. 



1062. 



1063. 

 1064. 

 1065, 

 1066. 



An annual tribute granted to the Danes by Eth- Chronolo- 



elred. ^ 



Sueno obtains possession of England. 



A violent storm, Sept. 18th, which inundated 

 Flanders. 



The emperor of Germany receives an annual tri- 

 bute from the king of Poland. 



Edmund Ironside fought six battles in England, 

 with Canute II. of Denmark. 



A large comet appears in Leo. 



The Normans first penetrate into Italy in a body. 



Bulgaria reduced to a Roman province. 



A dreadful pestilence in Saxony. 



A new species of music, under six notes, introdu- 

 ced by Guy d'Arezzo or Aretino, the monk. 

 See AHETINO. 



Palestine ravaged by the caliph of Egypt, who 

 plunders the temple of Jerusalem. 



Norway conquered by Canute. Constantine, em- 

 peror of the East, dies zt. 70, and is succeeded 

 by Romanus. 



Romanus defeated by the Saracens. Campanus 

 of Novarro, the astronomer. 



The Saracens driven out of Syria by Romanus, 

 who begins to build the temple at Jerusalem. 

 Apulia conquered by the Normans. 



The kingdom of Aries bequeathed to Conrad. 



A great eclipse of the sun observed, June 29. 

 Glaber, the historian, ob. after 1045. 



The king of Sicily takes Capita from the pope. 

 Commencement of the kingdoms of Castile and 

 Arragon. Saxony ravaged by the Vandals. 



The kingdom of Norway begins. 



Famine and earthquake at Constantinople. The 

 dynasty of Omniades ends in Spain. 



Smyrna destroyed by an earthquake. Italy in- 

 vaded by the Saracens of Africa. Bohemia ra- 

 vaged by the Greeks. 



Hermanus, the monk and mathematician. 



A comet appeared Oct. 6. moving from east to 

 west. 



The Russians from. Scythia land in Thrace. The 

 Turks obtain possession of Persia. 



Three usurping popes deposed by the council of 

 Sutrium. Henry defeats William of Normandy 

 in three battles. Fraaco the mathematician flour- 

 ished. 



The Greek church separates from the Latin. 



Peter Damiani, ob. 1072. 



Pope Leo IX. taken prisoner by the Normans- 

 Michael Cerularius, ob. 1058. 



Bagdad taken by the Turks, who overturn the 

 empire of the Caliphs. 



Michael deposed by Isaac Comnenus, who is pro- 

 claimed emperor of Constantinople. Geo. Ce- 

 drenus, the historian. 



Saracens driven from Sicily by Robert Guiscard. 



Berenger, ob. 1088, zt. 90. 



A great famine in Germany.. 



Sirnames appointed to be assumed in Scotland, by 

 a parliament held at Forfar. 



A journey to Palestine undertaken by above 

 70,000 persons, who were either killed or made 

 prisoners. Michael Psellus, the philosopher. 



The massacre of Goslar. 



A comet appeared during several months: 



The Turks take Jerusalem from the Saracens. 



A comet appeared in May, and followed the sun. 

 It continued visible 40 days. The conquest of 



