CHRONOLOGY. 



M4 



A. D. 



and Maurice, Juke of Saxony. Annibal Caro, 

 ob. 1 



1558. The treaty of Paiuu between Charlei and the 

 Protestants, July SI. Books of astronomy and 

 geometry destroyed in England as magical. Paul 

 Manutius, ob. 1574, art 



1553. Queen Mary restores popery in England. Serve- 

 tus executed for heresy by the council of Gene- 

 va. Edward VI. dies July 6, zt. 16. Cardinal 

 Pole, ob. 1558. 



A comet appeared for several days with its tail 

 turned towards the cast. The Low Countries 

 invaded by the French. The Russians subdue 

 Astracan. Mary of England marries Philip of 

 Spain. Castelvetro, ob. 1571, ;ct. (">(>. 

 . A comet appeared. The peace of religion esta- 

 blished in Germany, Sept. 25. A league against 

 the Spaniards between the king of France and 

 the pope, Dec. 15. Frederick Commandin, ob. 

 1.375, zt. 66. 



1556. A comet appeared ; see ASTRONOMY, p. 814. 



Corsica ravaged by the Turks. Charles resigns 

 his crown to Philip, Jan. 6. 



1557. A comet appeared in Sagittarius. Charles re- 



tires to a monastery, Feb. 24. Glass first manu- 

 factured in England. Battle of St Quintin, at 

 which the French are defeated, Aug. 10. Onu- 

 phrius Panvinius, ob. 1563, xt. 39. 



1558. A comet appeared in August, near Berenice's hair. 



The French take Calais, Jan. 8. Queen Mary- 

 dies Nov. 17. The reformed religion authori- 

 sed in England. Ronsard, ob. 1585, xt. 61. 



1559. Five large meteoric stones fell at Miscoz in Tran- 



sylvania. A comet appeared in June for some 

 days. The peace of Chateau-Cambresis. The 

 tranquillity of Europe restored. The queen re- 

 gent of Scotland persecutes the reformers. 

 George Buchanan, ob. 1582, xt. 76. 



1560. A comet appeared in Dec. for 28 days. The civil 



wars in France begin by the conspiracy at Am- 

 boise. Philip removes his conn from Toledo to 

 Madrid. A treaty between Elizabeth and the 

 Protestants in Scotland, at Berwick, Feb. 27. 

 Presbytery established in .Scotland. 



1561. Queen Mary arrives in Scotland after an absence 



of 13 yean. Livonia ceded to Poland. Louis 

 Camoens, ob. 1579, zt. 50. 



1562. Prince of Conde defeated at the battle of Dreux, 



Dec. 19. Peter Ramus, ob. 1572. 



1563. War between Denmark and Sweden. The coun- 



cil of Trent terminates Dec. 4. Orleans besie- 

 ged by the duke of Guise, Feb. 6. The Escurial 

 in Spain built. Slave trade carried on with Eng- 

 land. Otorius, ob. 1580. 



1564. A comet appeared on the 25th Feb. The begin- 



ning of the year fixed to Jan. 1, in France. Peace 

 between France and England, April 9. The 

 first coach made in England by Walter Rippon. 

 See Stowe's fiinnmari/, p. 287- 



1565. The revolt of the Low Countries. The Turks 



attack Malta. Tintoret, ob. 1594, zt. 82. 



1566. Two comets appear. The 39 articles of the 



church of England established. Hungary ra- 

 vaged by the Tartan. Theodore Bcza, ob. 1605, 

 zt. 86. 



1567. A comet appears. Queen Mary marries Both- 



well, May 15. Battle of St Denis, Nov 10. 

 5 



A. D. 



Disturbances in Sweden. James Cujas, ob. Chrtmolo- 

 1590, zt. 68. gy. 



1568. Queen Mary defeated in the battle of Glasgow, ^-"V"*' 



May IS ; retires into England in the beginning 

 of June, and is imprisoned. The Moors in 

 Spain revolt. The reformed religion tolerated 

 in the Low Countries. Three clockmakers 

 came to England from Delft. Ciaconius, ob. 

 1581, act. 56. 



1569. A comet appeared in Capricorn on the 8th and 9th 



November. The battle of Jarnac, May 13 j of 

 Moncnntour, Oct. 3. Pancirolus, ob. 1591. 



1570. A league between Spain, Venice, and the Roman 



see against the Ottoman Porte. The peace of 

 Germain-en-Laye, in favour of the Huguenots, 

 August 15. Log line used. Carolus Sigonius, 

 ob. 1585, zt. 60. 



1571. The Turks take the isle of Cyprus. The Turks 



defeated at the battle of Lepanto, Oct. 7. Henry 

 Stephens, ob. 1598, zt. 70. 



1572. The massacre of the Protestants at Paris, Aug. 



24. Cornelius Gemma observes a bright new 

 star in Cassiopeia ; see ASTRONOMY. Bodinus, 

 ob. 1585. 



1573. War against the Protestants in France. Paul 



Veronese, ob. 1588, zt. 56. 



1574. The Spaniards besiege Ley den. Sebastian of 



Portugal's expedition against the Moors in 

 Africa. Montagne, ob. 1592, zt. 59. 



1575. University of Leyden founded. Russia ravaged by 



the Turks. Francis Hotoraanus, ob. 1590, set. 

 65. 



1576. The Protestant religion permitted in France. A 



civil war ensues. Palladio flourished. 



1577. Drake circumnavigates the globe, and returns 



Nov. 3, 1580. A comet appeared ; see ASTRO- 

 NOMY, p. 815. Janus Dousa, ob. 1604, xt. 50. 



1578. A large comet appeared in October. The first 



treaty of alliance between England and the 

 States General, Jan. 7. A long and bloody 

 war between Persia and the Ottoman Porte. 

 Don Sebastian killed at the battle of Alcasar, 

 Aug. 4. Cardinal Baronius, ob. 1607, zt. 69. 

 1579- The union of Utrecht, which begins the republic 

 of Holland, Jan. 23. Riccoboni,ob. 1600,a:t.58. 



1580. The kingdom of Portugal seized by Philip of 



Spain. A comet appeared ; see ASTRONOMY, 

 p. 815. Peter Pithou, ob. 1596. 



1581. A meteoric stone of 39 pounds weight fell in 



Thuringia on the 26th July. University of 

 Edinburgh founded. An edict of the United 

 Provinces against Philip, July 2G. Copper 

 money introduced into France. Joseph Stall- 

 ger, ob. 1609, zt. 69. 



1582. Pope Gregory reforms the Julian calendar. New 



style introduced into Catholic countries, Oct. 5, 

 being reckoned Oct. 15. A comet appeared; 

 see ASTRONOMY, p. 815. Christopher Clavius, 

 ob. 1612, zt. 75. 



1583. A meteoric stone of 30 pounds weight fell at Rosa 



in Lavadie in January. The first proposal of 

 settling a colony in America. Torquado Tasso, 

 ob. 1.595, xt. 51. 



1584. Raleigh discovered Virginia. Cape Breton dis- 



covered. William prince of Orange murdered 

 at Dilft, June 30. Edmund Spencer, ob. 1598. 



1585. Carthagcna taken by Drake. Greenland discover- 



