E M I 



5 JO 



E M P 



Kelp ma- 

 king and 

 ti*hing now 

 connected 

 with ni'li- 

 ing. 



disjoined, 



t'nund for 

 people en- 

 gaged in 



t . . - . u. 



of cttotes in Uie*e isles ; and it prove* an increasing 

 oorca of employment and MI). ''.>r the people. 



Judiciou* planting of suitable parts naturally accompa- 

 nies a M.-U-IH of this kiiul ; and, by sel. ctiui; |r.-..]n-r .si- 

 tuations, planting t 1 with suitable trio, anil 

 tlu-n putting in seedling trees in Urge Ixjdies, tlicre is 

 much I' their failing by the breeze. No per- 

 son acquainted with tile country can hesitate in belic- 

 \ingthat profitable employment, and growing raeaus 

 o!' support, wotilcl thus i>c furnished, for all the present 

 inhabitants of the isles ; although they should not be 

 occupied with kelp at all, or with fishing. The great 

 object is to get tlu-in trained to lalxuir so as to perform 

 it well, and with disiHitcli ; and after this, it will be in 

 the power of landholders to arrange the leases of tlu'ir 

 land, with views of regular and progressive improve- 



A growing population, in the mean time, can furnish 

 hands for the kelp making and the fishings ; and these 

 are, perhaps, the people that ought to be accommodated 

 for tlie present with croft lands. In time it may be- 

 come expedient to separate these professions, finding 

 otlu-r occupation for the people employed in those de- 

 jiartmcnts, when they are not engaged in them. Such 

 a resource may be naturally obtained within the conn- 

 But may be try in jobs or piece work, if they are trained to make 

 afterwardi use of their spare time, in building dykes, cutting 

 drains or ditches, plantingtrees, quarrying stone or slate, 

 makin g """I*, paring and burning waste lands, pre- 

 paring composts for meadows and other purposes. The 

 opening of the country by roads and canals may far- 

 ther introduce the manufacture of wool, or (lax, or hemp, 

 and other useful branches of the arts ; and even in the 

 low and smaller isles, ample occupation may be found 

 for the inhabitants. 



Such iys- But, in order to shew that such an important object 

 tern would Jg in view and will be followed out, a steai'v and pro- 

 Je <">'- gressively improving system ought to be generally in- 

 uTtimc troduced ; nd the' 1 it ma y be safely predicted, that 

 the course of emigration will be impeded, and that it 

 will soon entirely cease. 



^ ne of the first consequences of this drain of the in- 

 habitants, is the discouragement and alienation of those 

 who remain ; and who, in such circumstances, can hard- 

 ]y fa expected to pursue vigorously the improvement 

 OJ . i a ijQ Urs o f a country, where the inhabitants cannot 

 nisovirujcs P ermancn tly remain. Another consequence is the lea- 

 inliabitants, ving of a population so scanty as not to be adequate to 

 and prolong any rational plan of active improvement, and of course 

 the dcjoluie the protracting of nakedness and desolation. The coni- 

 " forts of those inhabitants who remain, and the interests 

 of the landholders, are jointly and equally hurt by 

 these cfl'ects. Continued emigration from the Highlands 

 and isles lias al.so an immediate and pernicious effect, 

 in draining away a vigorous and hardy people, by whom 

 the army and the navy might be considerably recruit- 

 ed; and it has the prospective effect of counteracting 

 the liberal designs and the beneficial purposes of the 

 great works by whicli the country is now opening up. 

 acts the pur- It may farther be asked, how the fishings can be ex- 

 oMsofpub- peeled to prosper, if there be not people in the country 

 lie works, to prosecute them, nor wood nor materials for the 

 Impedes the boats and vessels? In short, if the course of emigra- 

 progreM of tion had long gone on, at the rate of its proceeding 

 the fisheries, about ten or twelve years ago, die consequences would 

 Conjpiil.c have been, that for ages to come, improvement would 

 lli^lilai-.i!j not have been practicable in that country, and it mu^t 

 to a A&p ), avc ke en i t .ft j n the nakedness and desolation of a 

 1 1 ., 



bring it to 



an end. 



fonscquen 

 of enii- 

 i in 



many ways 

 Imrti'uL 



country. 



Removes a 

 Mipply of 

 men tor 

 the army 

 nd nary. 



(mmter- 





sheep v en timlx-r for d welling-houe, and mor- Raiigrt.i 



t;ir to build tin in, could hardly be expected in a remote 

 and rugged country, drained of most of its people. ' 



WithoppOsUe \iew. the subject of emigration lias Tin 

 been treated with considerable ability by various wri- of cinigra- 

 tcrs; but the real history of emigration, its causes and uo - 

 effects, and abo\e all. it-- prevention, have scarcely been diveuweJ b T 

 understood. IiiUre-t.d or partial views of a subject XT^'not'' 

 are well known to mislead authors of eminent talents ; ,!! ih.fi. 

 and a per.-on of narrow conceptions, who could view dated. 

 only the present state of the Highland*, might be sur- 

 prised into the opinion that the country cannot support 

 a growing population. Hut if our views be extended 

 to what the .state of this country may ait 1 ought to be, 

 we must resist and at once dismiss that idea. Yiev- 

 of improvement may be cherished even by a landholder, 

 which lire not sufficiently liberal towards the people at 

 large ; but the true plan of occupation and improve- 

 IIH lit in that country must embrace inclosures; and 

 then it may become the basis of a system, equally judi- 

 cious and profitable to all concerned. 



Even the prospect of such a system, as would steadily Happy tf- 

 and progressively add to the resources of that remote 

 but interesting part of the British territory, i- pleasing 

 to the mind. It would certainly increase very highly 

 the value of the lands, and add materially to tlie com- 

 forts of the inhabitants. Opened by means of the great 

 canal and the numerous roads intersecting the country, 

 together with its various and extensive seas, and their 

 indenting arms ; enjoying the benefit of well planned 

 and executed fences, at once inclosing, draining, and 

 sheltering the numerous fields capable of being gain- In , )romo . 

 cd from extensive wastes ; adorned with rising plan- tin... <li c in- 

 tations of forest trees, and accommodated with the tim- 

 ber and tlie shelter they would afford ; possessing well 

 cultivated fields, enriched by the manures which abound 

 in the country, and productive in early grain, and 

 green crops ; having improved stocks of the valuable 

 breed of Highland cattle, together with sheep of supe- 

 rior quality, to the maintenance of which an improved 

 system would be adequate; and possessing a imputa- 

 tion Crowing at once in point of numbers, industry, 

 and comfort, equal not only to the labours of husban- 

 dry, but also to the fishings and various useful branches 

 of manufacture ; while commerce opened the way, and In 

 gradually furnished the means, to acquire wealth ; with 

 all these growing advantages in their favour, the High- 

 lands and isles of Scotland would possess many at- 

 tractions ; and the last and melancholy resort of a 

 people driven to despondency, emigration, would cease. 

 (K.K.) 



EMISSION OF HEAT. See HEAT. 



KMISSIOX OF LIGHT. See Orxics. 



ICMOY. See CHINA. 



EMPEDQCLES, was the son of Meto, a wealthy 

 citizen of Agrigentum in Sicily, and flourished about 

 the SHh Olympiad, or 440 years before Christ. It is 

 not probable thiit he was born at so early a period, as 

 to have been a hearer of Pythagoras ; but he adopted 

 the doctrines of that philosopher, and appears evident* 

 ly, from his own tenets, to have belonged to the Italic 

 school. He was remarkable for the variety and extent 

 of his attainments; and his name became so celebra- 

 ted, that when he went to the Olympic games, the 

 eyes of all the people were fixed upon him as one of tile 

 wonders of the age. He excelled in oratory, upon 

 which he was the first who gave lessons in .Sicily ; and 

 tlie celebrated Gorgias Leontinus was one of his pupils. 





