Courts of 
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i upon the evidence. 
k it ry, retire to consider 
y are without meat, drink, 
(unless ssion of the judge,) till 
unanimously agreed. When ms 8 are agreed, 
back to the bar, and deliver their verdict ; 
SPREE 
tion must be sued out within a year and a day after 
> seemefiacaemar any Such are the proceedings in ci- 
pardon, under the great seal, is pleadable to an impeach- 
ment by tlieCommons. In et of pre monger after 
evidence is gone , and counsel heard, each peer 
declares; on his honour, whether the accused is guilty 
or not guilty of the crimes laid to his charge, and he is 
acquitted or condemned, according as the majority of 
the peers are for or against him. It has already been 
mentioned, that the Court of King’s Bench, on the crown 
side, takes cognisance of all criminal causes. The High 
Court of at takes cognizance of all crimes and 
offences committed either upon the sea, or upon the 
coasts. The criminal courts of local jurisdiction, are 
the courts of oyer and terminer, or courts of assize, héld 
ly the judges on the circuit, attended by the justices 
of the of the county wherein the assizes are hold- 
en; el cage quarter sessions of the peace, Which 
must be holden in every county, orice in every quarter 
of a year, It is holden before two or more justices of 
the peace, one of whom must be of the quorum. The 
jurisdiction of this court extends to all féloniés and tres- 
passes ; but murders, and other capital felonies, ‘are 
referred aeons of in er 
a criminal, is, in the thks (tees, toy beret The sual 
mode of ing an arrest, or of ending a person, 
¢ hand and seal of a 
nn it making oath concern- 
b against persons 
thay fn Vie wor of eeeamnititng’a Wench of the ponte. 
fia phoebe yy Serbo hema a ma- 
distryte, Who dismisses hi ie charge ; ' 
groundless ; but if otherwise, the is either ‘coimmutted 
to prison, or admitted to bail, that is, he must give 
AND. 
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wa RS 
grand jury is sw 
delivers to them his charge, 
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5 
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, they ! 
“not a true bill,” or “ not found,” and the 
charged of course; but a new indietment may 
tisfied of the tru’ 
it, “a true bill.” 
pel wag an ing, in criminal cases, at the suit of the 
ithout a previous presentment to a grand jury, 
is by way of information ; “at 
the king, and partly of the 
the dite ahaie’ 
If the offender, on the bill of indictment found, 
does not appear after bei quired to si er him. 
self at five co; courts, he is judged to be outlawed, 
or is rendered incapable of taking any of the benefits of 
the law, either by bringing actions or otherwise. When 
the offender appears in court, the indictment is‘distinet- _ 
Any cause whatever; whereas the king can challenge 
juror, without igning @ reason, to be allowed by the 
court. In cases treason, treason, and mis- 
ni rh Sm re bed toad ery ae tom 
necessary to convict a prisoner ; in almost every 
other case, one witness is sufficient. ayer age one 4 
soner 
i 
for the pi ion is gone through, the N 
called upon for his defence ; and when this is finished, _ 
the judge sums up the evidence, pointing out the law to 
the jury, and chien instructing them, that if any 
doubt of the prisoner's guilt rest upon their minds, they 
are bound to acquit him, The jury then retire to con- Verdict of 
given in open court. the jury. 
sider their verdict, which must 
The unanimity of all the twelve persons is 
the peculiar 
characteristic of the English jury. Ifthe poner i 
found not guilty, he is for ever discharged of the accu- 
pre nh Leeda Mo an 
court immediately follows, and he ean only -be on- 
ed by an exercise of the royal 
don Taust be under the great seal of 
ve. This par- Royal par- 
gland ; the ne- 400. 
