EPH Han OY EPI 
capital with volutes were: introduced ; it is calculated or baths, inhabited by $0 or 40 families of Turkish Ephesus 
that each pillar, with its capital and base, contained 150° herdsmen. Its name is considered by some as a Turk- beg 
tons of marble. ‘The doors and panneling were made ish word, signifying the temple of the’moon, in refer: [PCS 
Eo pehageerns om ge and shining ; and the stair- ence to the temple of Diana ; but is supposed, by others, . 
bye es Its mp ions were soy HE myn , the modern’ seo 
heightened by ustre of gold, especially by ‘Ayi0s @codAoyes, referring to the residence there 
m i rae artists of aie evangelist John. Even the vale of Ephesus has under- 
: statue’ of Hecate, by Scopas; gone a total change; and the town could never be sup- 
a picture of the goddess Diana, by Timarete, the first by an observer ignorant of its y, to have 
female artist upon-record; a painting, by Apelles, of had a free communication with the sea. e Cayster, 
sping a 20 formerly navigable, is now choked with sand, and flows’ 
talents of g The shrine was adorned by Praxiteles tale Bhiledtich which render it almost invisible. ' At- 
and his son isodorus ; and the walls by Parrhasius talus Phi us, king of Pergamus, in order to im- 
and A in the temple prove the port, which was shallow and incommiodious, 
virgin os was by an architect to construct an exten- 
voted to-inviolable chastity. They were eligible only sive mole; but, by the interruption thus given to the 
from the higher classes of the citizens, and enjoyed a current, the earth brought down the river has de- 
great revenue with numerous privileges, in addition to’ stroyed the port, and even encroached some miles on 
the presents received from the crowds of worshi the dominion of the sea. 
who flocked to the annual festivals. Their luxurious When the city was taken by the Turks in 1300, “ the 
mode of living, and particularly the cost of their dyed desolation was so complete,” says Rycaut, “ that the tem-' 
vestments, are ancient writers in the most ple of Diana, and the church of Mary, will equally elude 
extra t terms, The s mentioned by Luke,. the search of the most industrious traveller.” See Ans 
xi. 31.) were the princi Officers chosen by the cient Univ. Hist. vol. vii. p. 416 ; Anacharsis’ Travels, 
the Asiatic cities, to preside over the vol. vi. p. 188 ; Vitruvius, |. viii. ; Plin. Nat. Hist. 1. xvi. 
Seed ites anne Soe c. 40, and 1. xxxvi. c. 14; Strabo, lib. xiv; Pococke’s Tra- 
ve 
w been priests of the tem vels ; Sandy’s Travels ; Voyage Pittoresque de la Grece, 
Among other privileges, the sacred edifice afforded en maT: Dalla 's Constantinople, p. 209,211. (q) 
um to those who its protection. The invio- EPHORI. © Sparra. 
space at first xten one furlong, and was after-- . EPHIELIS. See Botany, p. 199. 
wards increased, first by Mithridates, next by Mark EPIBATERIUM. See Botany, p. 325. 
Antony, so as toi a part of the city; but, in EPIBLEMA. See Borany, p. 317. 
of the disorders which a the exer- pe Re ag See Portry.  _ wv 
a pri it was entirely revoked by Ti- RUS, a celebrated losopher ancient’ 
elect that etn the attay itself Greece, and the founder Pade which flourished 
i under his name, was born at Gar s, a village of At- 
tica, in the 109th Olympiad. He was the son of Neo- 
cles and Cherestrata, of the illustrious family of the 
Philaides at Athens, At the age of eighteen, he com- 
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; Having acquired an high reputation for natural ge- 
nius, extensive learning, and parent investigation, when 
raised by the Greek out of the ruins of E about thirt of instituted, at Athens, a 
sus. A highs wall, ab the carevier eid oFte etilioes new philésaplical schéol, ind jiropiaided Novediwdlea 
entire, bit is also made up of of former build. tial points, from the doctrines that were taught by the 
i pete. its origin toalaterage. Two most jar sages of those times. For the grand out- 
a theatre or a Naumachia, and some lines of his theory of the universe, indeed, he was in- 
walls of brick, faced with large marble slabs, supposed debted to the previous labours of seobicss b ae 
to of Di i ers; but from 
of the church of St , form the incipal ob- the sublime conceptions and ie genius of Epicu- 
jects of any magnitude. t Aiasoluk or Ajasoluk, once rus, these broken and discordant features first acquired’ 
the rival of the parent city, and the residence of the such a rational form and consistency, as entitled them 
Saraconic princes in the 14th century, is a large portal, to the name of a system. 
formerly leading to the citadel, wholly built with Ro- _ His theory Mattel wall ad thuch © to the 
man tiles, and faced with polished marble. Over the rigid maxims of the Stoics, as his life and. coriversation 
the a sys in that celebrated school. a aio AS 
ingi of Patroclus to delightful Epicurus enjoy é society of his 
. comb iia ;, ieeae otk dan his instructions to his numerous 
it the Gate of Persecution, and believe that it ; whence the institution was denominated the 
the n i itself is of the Garden, as that of Plato was called the 
: 0 Peg pete ree) none acta. « 
small square of brick, the ruins of oratories Porch, and that of Antisthenes the Cynosargum, 
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Gears atdgeus, arcane contrasted with the ascetic habits of the disciples of 
