BR 199 
mains. chasm of igi ing a 
sapedatons there yn 
successive days he saw it discharge fire. ‘The ruins of 
once magnificent city of Nuksheevan, or Naxuana, 
are situated about twenty-six fursungs to the south- 
east of Erivan. Itisa of rubbish, and does not 
contain more than 400 inhabitants. pk, seed 
Persia generally pitches his camp here, to direct the 
ions of the campaign against the Russians. East 
. 45° 15’, and North Lat. 40° 11’. See Chardin’s 
Travels, Macdonald Kinneir’s Geographical Memoir of 
the Persian Empire, p. 319, 320 ; and our article Ana- 
RAT. (7) 
ERLACH, or Cenuier, is a small town of Switzer- 
land, in the Canton of Berne, beautifully situated at the 
western ohne Beare: Cee near the em- 
bouchure of the Thiele, and at the foot of the Julimont 
or Julius’s Mountains, upon which one of the strongest 
entrenched camps of this great warrior was establish- 
ed, The Chateau of Cerlier, situated the Juli- 
mont, was built about the middle of the 11th 
ohn, situated near the embou- 
, and of the bridge over the Thiele, is ic- 
ag Ce Yong iets 
residence of Rousseau, is seen from Erlach. See Ebel's 
the families. of several 
from France. The streets of both the Old and New 
binet of Natural History, to the university ; 
the Academy of Music, and two The 
cipal manufactures of the town are sand in 
po anc aa a and glass, most of which were 
established by the French About a league 
from Streitberg, which is one of the posts on the old 
road between rig a is the Grotto of 
Muggendorf, where there are fine stalactites, and a fall 
of water 70 feet high. The new road to Bayreuth, 
pe ahh yaar rege Pegnitz, Hilpoldstein, and 
pear. Population 8700, rie Bane: Saale 
ing peers neraerseine, it, Long. 11° 
4’; North Lat. 49° 35’ 36”. (mw) 
ERMELAND.,. See Prussia. 
ERNE Loven. See Fermanacu. 
ERNODEA. See Borany, p. 121. 
. ERODIUM. See Borany, p. 265, 
EROTEUM. See Boranyy p. 235. 
EROTYLUS. See Entomonoey, Index. 
ERPETOLOGY. See Herperoziocy. . 
ERROMANGO. See New Hesripes. 
ERTZGEBIRGE. See Saxony. 
ERUPTION, See £rna, Vesuyrus, and Votca- 
NOES, 
ERT 
ERUPTIVE Diseases. See Mentcine. 
ERVUM. See Borany, p. 284 
ERYCIBE. See Botany, p. 177. 
ERYNGIUM. See Botany, p. 161. 
ERYSIMUM. See Botany, p. 261. 
ERYSIPELAS. See Mepicine. 
ERYTHRZA. See Borany, p. 173. 
ERYTHRINA. See Botany, p. 274. 
ERYTHRONIUM. See Borany, p. 190. 
ERYTHROXYLON. See Borany, p. 218. 
ERZEROOM, Erzervum, or Arzervum, the name of 
one of the most considerable of oP gua of Arme- 
e 
rishing cities in the kingdom, and is situated about 
three or four miles from one of the streams which runs 
into the Euphrates. The town is ill built, the streets 
or’, and the houses are for the most part low, 
ood. The bazars are large and well sup- 
plied with provisions ; but fruit is very scarce, as it is 
gular embrasures ; but from its want of solidity, it is 
equally defenceless with the rest of the castle. On the 
north side of the town is a igh mountain, cover- 
ed with eternal snow. The plain in front is about 20 
miles in circumference, and is adorned with more than 
60 vi In the 1807, when the French lega~ 
tion General Gardanne passed through this ; 
2006 fa wobacten. ig ater oe was 
leprous persons. e raged in 
the town, i off from 20 to25 daily. The 
inci gilded ef arnstiictaze ta eroom are cop- 
per, ore of which is from a place about 
three days journey from the town, and the skin of a 
ies of martin. Erzeroom is the staple of the mer-~ 
ise of India, isting of silk, cotton, painted li- 
nens, spices, rhubarb, , and z eS 7 
- The climate of Erzeroom is intensely in winter, 
but the air is salubrious, the water good, and the na- 
tives and healthy. The winter commences in the 
month of August, when the snow begins to fall. »It 
continues on the ground from October till March, when 
it melts, and causes all the rivers in the country to over- 
flow their banks. A ing to Mr Macdonald Kin- 
neir, the ion of the city was about 100,000, of 
whom 15,000 were Armenians, and the rest Turks, 
with the exception of 200 or 300 Greeks. The author 
of the “ Journal,” who accompanied the French Lega~ 
tion in 1807 and 1808, makes the population 130,000, 
_and says that 500 of these were Armenian catholics. 
Erzeroom is five ordi days journey from the 
Black Sea, thirteen from Diarbeker, nine from 
Bayazid. It is situated in East Long. 40° 57’, and 
North Lat. 39° 57. See Journal d’un Voyage dans la 
Turquie D Asie, et la Perse, fait en 1807 et 1808, p. 21. 
Paris 1809; and Macdonald Kinneir’s Geographical 
Memoir of the Persian Empire, p. 321, 322. md. 
1813. (w) 
