Forests. 
Draining. 
Manures. 
Fmbenk- 
mnie 
trees in the j acetlen at Heslkbarne Hall is sup- 
posed to be the largest in ingdom ; its girth, at six 
inches from the being 18 feet ; at 10 feet from 
accidentally took fire. Before this accident, its branches 
° an area nearly 200 feet in circumference. 
In the reign of James II. the forest of Essex, as it was 
called, extended almost over the whole county. The 
forests of Epping and Hainault still retain the name, 
and ae deer ; the extent of forest land is 
to be about 10,000 acres. In the marsh dis- 
plantations are much attended to, and are 
very profitable. There are no extensive 
or pear trees, but many cherry ones 
inster, &c. The wastelands, in- 
ozier 
to be 
orchards of 
Burnham, 
rom 
the moist nature of a great of the soil, this improve- 
ment was much wanted, bo it has, in - 
carried on, on the most scientific principles, 
care and skillofexecution. Almost all the known 
inds of manure are employed in Essex, but chalk is 
not so commonly used as formerly. From the nature 
of the sea coast, as cake Gaon 
_ We have dwelt thus long and fiilly on the agricul- 
ture of Essex, because it is in general excellent, and be- 
cause it is this which principally distinguishes the 
county. In no other respect is it of much note, and 
Sain anseeatinn bntadientiatrdonieeaion, 
As intermediate between its agriculture and manufac- 
its fisheries shall be first considered. 
There are very few ponds for fresh water fish in the 
county, though, in the vicinity of London, 
rel 
; but latterly it has much declined. Bai 
oft subject 
coun land. On this 
the year 1803. Atthat ernest ee we 
ir 
out of workhouses was 35,368, besides 6780 who were 
not parishioners ; the expence was at the rate of £3, 
16s. 9d, for each person. The number of persons re- 
lieved in and out of workhouses was 38,337, besides 
non-parishioners. The total expence was £183,582, 
ap in| et a me  N ~— 
of parishioners reliev: e 's rate was 17. 
in a hundred of the resident pana There were 
at that time 238 friendly societies, the number of per- 
sons belonging to them being six in a hundred of the 
resident ion. The amount of the total money 
ised for the poor, was 19s. 14d. the head on ‘the po- 
pulation. Li'ng 
uninteresting county to the minera- 
logist. It is nearly exempt from quarries, or any mass 
rocks; and it possesses no mines of any kind. It 
has, however, already been noticed, that chalk is found 
on the borders next i ire; but the most ex-- 
ma- Manuface 
of supporting the eauia Ole of the 
K 
Ne 
Minerals, 
tensive chalk quarries are at Purfleet. On the estate purfect 
of Mr Whitbread here, there is a bold cliffof chalk, co- quarry. 
vered by many feet of surface loam. It appears to have. 
been wrought for many years; but certainly never 
with so much enterprise, nor in such an economical and - 
Sel ese as apa Most som 
i in vessels, w! can come up to 
quarry. But though Essex is so aninterensing00:the 
mere min in parts of it, 
eralogist, there are ces in ' 
which must be instructive to the geologist. At Har-- meena 
wich, the conversion of the ooze 
hard that it is employed for buildi 
ly traced. There are masses of it whi 
ooze, and at the other stone. There is also, in the ¢liffs- 
near Harwich, a stratum of concreted shells; and va- 
