FER 800 
Fermanagh. run for three lives, or thirty-one years: of late the pe- There are only 18 parishes 
are here a few estaies whose rental is from £1500 to 
£2000; but by far the greatest number of the estates 
are large, and there is no intermediate between the 
: and the leaseholders. Lord Enniskillen has 
an estate of £13,000 per annum, as also Colonel Arch- 
dale, and Mr Brook of Brookboro. The Marquis of 
Ely, Lord Belmore, and Sir James Caldwell, have pro- 
of from £6000 to £7000 per annum each. There 
— deal of church property belonging to the see 
Cc . 
There are several lakes in this county, but the most 
remarkable is Lough Erne. It consists properly of 
two lakes, the upper being nine miles long, and from 
one and a half to five wide, and the lower one about 
ten miles in length, and from two to eight in breadth. 
The two are connected by a broad winding channel 
of about six miles, resembling a river. id secre 
occupied by Lough Erne is supposed to uare 
ho Shs deanery is remarkably fine and striking, 
ing both the beautiful and the d. There 
are in it between three and four hundred islands, some 
ef them and fertile, and inhabited, many of them 
well wooded, the whole of them di in a Vv 
picturesque manner, and affording a variety of rich 
enteresting prospects. The. Erne and several other 
rivers run into it ; it discharges itself at the north-west 
end by a current of about seven miles, which runs very 
rapidly, and at length precipitates itself over a grand 
cataract into the sea at Bally: on. The falls of Bel- 
leek are esteemed very beautifal, and ing of the 
traveller's attention. Lough Erne contains all the fish 
common to fresh water The salmon here 
in a wonderful manner; some y: ones having been 
found to increase at the rate of 1 lib. a week. Great 
uantities of eels are caught near Enniskillen ; ei hey 
devuredantions in one night. Near the falls of Belle 
there is an eel weir, belonging to Mr Pakenham, which 
lets at L.120 per annum, and near it there are three 
others which let at L. 100 each. 
The chief sources of wealth to the inhabitants are the 
line manufacture and the rearing of black cattle. The 
linen produced here is what is called 7-8ths. There are 
several of those bleach-greens, which finish for sale 
the bleached linens that are sent to England. I 
distillation is carried on toa considerable extent. There 
are mills for grinding oats, but none for grinding 
wheat. : 
The principal, and indeed the only town of note in 
F is Enniskillen, It is situated on an island 
formed by the river or channel which unites the two 
This contains rich iron ore and coal, On 
Lord iskillen’s estate, west of Erne, there 
are ies of marble. It is brown white, beau- 
tifully veined, and of a fine grain. 
Fermanagh is divided into two by Lough Emme; 
the division on the east of the lake containing five ba- 
ronies, and that on the west containing three. It sends 
three members to parliament, two of these being from 
the » and one from the burgh of Enni . 
The in the county amount to 5000; and 
itical influence is so situated, that if the Earl of 
they Secu vember they please, Eouiskilieg 
may return what mem! . i 
has ve self-elected burgesses; and the Earl of 
Eaniskillen is patron, 
3. 
‘lived, he ra me 
idu 
—y—" vod ist and one life. There are in the diocese of C and the other three in “WY” 
riod adopted is twenty-one years aegis ond - * 
that of Kilmore. The 
church. The 
Protestant dissenters are few in number. Sir Richard 
Hardinge has an estate of 81 farms, and the tenantsin 
79 of these are Protestants. 
the superficial contents 694 English 
caer of the county is 71,800, on the number of 
ouses 11, being six individuals to a house. Exclu. 
ding Lough Exe, there are sbout $1: Ragtish sapbe:tp 
a house, or 54 acres to each individual. See Newen~ 
ham’s View of Ireland ; Wakefield’s Statistical Account 
of Ireland; Beaufort’s Memoir of a Map of Ireland; 
and Young’s Tour through Ireland. (+) : 
FERMAT (Perer), an eminent French mathema- 
tician, who was born at Toulouse in 1590, and died in 
1663. He was cotem with several mathemati- 
cians of the first order, among whom may be mention- 
ed, Pascal, Des Cartes, Roberval, Torricelli, Huygens, 
Meziriac, Carcavi, Wallis, &c.; and furnished 
tions of all the more difficult problems which these il- 
lustrious men hed tert ranches, nym ate 
another. His predilection for n ical researches, 
led him to direct much of his attention to prime num- 
bers, a subject which had been almost entirely neglect- 
¢ ae days raf re In these researches 
e affo’ striking proofs of the superiority of his 
nius, by the discovery of many general Anctree al 
pro ya 60 "edmabecs Wild baker divisors, and 
such as are composite. The indeterminate analysis al- 
so occupied a deal of his attention; and though 
Bachet de Meziriac had already greatly extended and 
sos op the wy bape prob antic his eo 
were far surpassed, in nce, simplicity, gene- 
ralization, by those of Fermat, When Pascal was en- 
gaged at Paris in investigating the nature of figurate 
numbers, Fermat was eagerly prosecuting the same 
eubject at Toulouse, by a different train of investiga- 
tion ; and, indeed, on many occasions, these two great 
men were frequently led to the same results, by me- 
thods of inquiry which had little resemblance to each 
other. Such interferences in their pursuits, did not, 
however, weaken the fri lip to which the confor. 
mity of their studies alone had given birth; and, 
though they were never inted, 
uniformly did justice to the merits of each other, wit 
a liberality which is unknown to little minds. > 
Fermat was scarcely more distinguished as a mathe- 
matician than as a general scholar; and, like most of 
the learned men who flourished in the age in which he 
sprudence and é -litera- 
ture with no less a: 
and algebra. ‘The universality of his genius, and the 
lr ee eee, nk 
a. 
