Fougssses. 
Defence of 
the fossé, 
Palisadoes are obstructions that may be used at all 
times, but their advantage depends pally on the 
be substituted for branches, but they are more 
Tidleals sabe pearecet. 
Besides these, various other obstructions may be em- 
ployed to prevent or retard the enemy's approach ; as 
The fossé of a fleche poly gy Seago 
iers, or by pali three to four inches thick, 
| at the distance of every 24 feet, an opening like 
a loop hole, or a low palisade, which answers the same 
pespoas: The mone to the work apn, concealed 
from the enemy by the palisade, on one side projecting 
before that ae other. Such a Gadcantammes 
can only be used where a work cannot be attacked in 
its gorge. A stronger defence of the same kind, for 
the gorge of a fossé, is by means of two rows of pali- 
sades, at top by cross rafters, on which are 
mare fascines, and the whole covered with earth, 
ontalembert i 
are surrounded by an adlaitis, or by trai de loups, 
to prevent the enem hom approaching tem Simi- 
lar caponniers are in the saliant angle of the 
counterscarpe, ten feet distant from the ditch, which is 
— ~~ to favive feet in width ene the 
. with poles, boards, &c. The 
holes of these ca a oe 
glacis, and “forse towards the ditch is shut by 
ng palisades, are also surrounded, like the 
others, with e- loups, or an abattis, It may 
be observed of aesaneaion however, that they 
cannot be made to hold out long against a cannonade, 
and are therefore useful only. when that, is. not to be ex- 
FORTIFICATION. 
f 
| 
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retire, and whi 
contain. 
such time as assistance, or favourable terms of 
i i the fort should 
7 If the reduit rape vnigeen se mee 
no greater e, m to 
~ it be unade:of tiubier, 
loop-holes, by which the soldi 
F 
il 5 
Blilgiee 
Hife 
i 
angles, i rt of 
niers of wood-work. In the middle, where these capon. 
niers meet, this wood-work has two stories, with 
holes in the walls, All such works, however, being of 
wood, are easily destroyed... Sept 
The most advantageous kind of reduits are block- 
5 
A 
Block- 
houses. These have walls formed of rafters, from one houses. 
| 
il 
ployed. It is to be observed, however, 
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a 
the saliant angles ; and.that they may the more 
be bi t to bear on the ‘enemy, in whatever 
appr , they should be fired there en barbette; | 
is, over the parapet, without the assistance of 
Sometimes, however, guns will be more advan 
ously placed behind the embrasures, viz. to. a 
defile, or any narrow passage; and in this case it is 
proper to cover the artillerymen, in order to protect 
them from the enemy’s Fag who nwareappeech 
very near to the work, being covered by the ground 
and thus make 
be 
ty 
The fire of small arms should defend an 
every part before a work, and be directed in such a 
manner, that the enemy may every where be received, 
with the best effect ; and care must also be taken that 
it assist the fire of the great guns, The flanks are also, 
Defence by 
small arms. 
