Hintery- 
—_—— 
The Freade. 
Civil war. 
Battle of 
St Antoine. 
4. D. 1651. other: the King from an; eminence 
600 
pe gm the coadjuter who now unenete’ Mazarine, 
an whose advice the prince, t with his bro- 
ther Prince of Conti, and the Duke.of Lon ille, 
were arrested at the council teble.. The citizens of 
Paris, on this occasion, celebrated with public rejoicing» 
the imprisonment of these men, whom they had lately 
hailed as their eotenene oo however, had ~ 
gained dence, is tria ; of course, was 
short ae Conceiving himself secure, he affronted 
the Duke of Orleans, who immediately deserted the 
court, and became the head of the Frende. On this, 
the parliament again took co e, and demanded the 
liberation of the Princes of Condé and Conti, ‘and the 
Duke of Longueville; and passed sentence of -perpe- 
tual banishment against the Cardinal, who went in 
son to liberate the princes, in the hope of gainin 
favour; but they treated him with contempt. 
then obli to flee to Liege, and afterwards. to Co- 
logne. The. coadjutor this time remained faithful to 
the court; and by his intrigues, the Duke of Bouillon 
aud Marshal Turenne were detached from the Fronde. 
In 1651, Mazarine again entered the kingdom with 6000 
men, upon which Condé took up arms, and the parlia- 
ment declared him guilty of high treason, though he 
was.only going to oppose the Cardinal, against whom 
they had so very lately passed a sentence of perpetual 
banishment, Condé, in this extremity, quitted Paris, 
to,arm in his, sw the provinces of Guienne, Poitou, 
and. Anjou, and to ally. himself with the Spaniards. 
During these convulsions, Louis XIV. being ‘now, of 
age, ordered the parliament to remove to,Pontage, and 
a few of the members obeyed ; but the greater part re- 
mained,.. Thus there were two parliaments ; their reso- 
lutions, however, had now; fallen into such ;contempt, 
that the riyal factions disdained. their mediation or sup- 
port, and prepared to terminate |their. differences by the 
sword. -Condé, in league with, the Spaniards,. appear- 
ed.in the field against the king,,and'the Marshal Tu- 
renne supported the court. |, 
The ing armies a each) other on the 
banks. ‘Loire, when the Prince of Condé attacked 
the ranks of the royal army with so much impetuosity, 
a snes were hota); ee court took the alarm ; 
an minister proposed to save the king by flight. 
Lr ee wne-sironeiy: oie Tareene, 
who, taki vantage of every inequality of ground, 
restored the confidence’ and. the hopes oF his party. 
The Prince of Condé,, in the meantime, entered Paris, 
where he was at first received with joy ; but the Car- 
dinal of Retz, having deserted. the popular cause, and 
succeeded in gaining an absolute sway over the Duke 
of Orleans, that Prince to become a-candidate 
with. the citizens for, their favour, )in opposition) to 
Condé. In this he succeeded, and the Duke of Lorraine 
deserting the cause of the Prince at the same time, while 
his troops were enervated by the pleasures of the: ca+ 
pital, Condé was not to learn that the approach 
of Turenne presented.to him the means more congenial 
to his talents and habits, of establishing -his cause: by 
the force of arms. In the suburbs of St Antoine, the 
two greatest of France were op to each 
i the battle. 
The Duke of Orleans remained in his palace, undecided 
what part to take: Cardinal de Retz was likewise neu- 
ter, and the parliament waited the issue, before it pub- 
lished any pee The citizens of Paris, afraid of 
parties, or affecting to preserve a strict neutrality, shut 
the city gates, and would permit no ingress or egress, 
The combat was long and bloody: the two generals 
eir 
e was 
PRANCE. 
gallant noblemen were killed or wounded ; at last the 
battle was decided. in favour of the Prince of Condé, 
by the daughter of the Duke of Orleans ordering the 
gates to be opened for the wounded, and the 
cannon 
cannon have killed Bag sentry 
when informed of the circumstance, 
hopes which the daughter of the Duke of , 
tertained of being Queen of France. yan 
The Duke was now declared by the Parliament lieu- 
tenant-general of the kingdom, and the Prince of Conde 
commander in chief of the armies of France, . But 
the popularity of the latter was of short duration: a 
tumult, in which several citizens were. killed, : 
which he was supposed to be the author, T 
with his violent an haughty demeanour, di 
irritated the inhabitants of Paris, and. he was 
to leave that city. On the other hand,, Louis, in-on 
to appease his subjects; dismissed Mazarine, who retir 
2 
ey 
ki 
iH 
The people, satisfied at this . 
sovereign’s attention to their ‘wishes, of their own 
cord sent deputies to invite him to return to the ci 
all ranka. "The fret acto of he royphanthodee 
ranks. The first acts o! ral.a ity, 
banishment of the Duke of Orleans,.and the arrestiand 
imprisonment. of Cardinal de Retz... The’ Prince) of 
Condé, condemned to lose his head, abandoned in France 
by, almost all; his partizans, feebly : by 
Spaniards, and pressed by. Turenne, carried on an un- 
successful. war on, the frontiers of Champs Yo sean 
To the storms, of this civil) war succeeded a calm. 
The Parliament was humbled; and Mazarine being 
called, again resumed all his authority, and was court« 
ed by every body. Even the Parliament, that had’ be- 
fore oa a R08 upon his-heed ae a pobtie robber, now 
sent es to compli t him. The Prince of C 
after this absurd war was finished, | job sve) Sonera 
served only to be stesngn 5 blank verse; and Voltaire 
remarks, that the name of Petits maitres originally. 
plied to that prince’s party, because they endeav: = 
to make themselves. masters of the’state, — i 
ifying overbearing and frivolous young men; and) 
pee Printoetes bestowed on. the censurers of govern- 
ment, are the only vestiges remaining of these troubles, 
Some parts of the kingdom were: still in the power of 
the insurgents. Bellegarde, a town in. 3 Was 
defended for the Prince of Condé, the Count de 
Bouteville, afterwards known as M Luxembu 
It was attacked by the Duke of Epernon at the of 
a royal army, but not surrendered till a practicable 
breach -was- made, and, honourable\conditions granted, 
In 1654, the Prince of Condé, in conjunction with the 
Archduke, laid siege to Arras. | At the same time, Ste- 
nai was besieged: by Turenne. As soon as the latter 
Pederpal in tae nelghiterbeod 0m helspeatird 
encamped in ' the i) 
used a stratagem to induce, or oblige them to aban= 
don the of Arras, but without effect. regpene 
terwards, Turenne having i wed, 
contrary to thesopinian df his-princinal officers, to force 
the Spanish lines.. The Spaniards were diiven out 
with great slaughter, and lost) their , ar 
and ammunition ; but the Prince,of » with 
regiments alone, after defeating a division of his op 
nents, covered therflight of the: iards, and thus sa 
ved the remains of their army. The King of Spain ac- 
knowledged and. characterized his services in 
iy z 
