FRANCE. 
the Frenck ral had thus gained possession 
wie ‘ f, Ati he formed a junction with 
advanced against them, fought the battle of Ros- 
bach on the 5th of November 1757, in which he gained 
the Rhine. In 1758, 
eisle was at the head of the mi- 
ent in France; and the ministers, who 
h female influence, 
the Duke of 
had obtained their situations 
His first was to the army on the 
Rhine; but, notwithstanding this, it was defeated at 
Crevelt by Prince Ferdi and obliged to retire un- 
der the cannon of Cologne. In this battle, the son of 
man of great 
promise, and whose fate was equally lamented by his 
enemies and his own countrymen. Further reinforce- 
ments being sent to the French army, and M. de Coy- 
tades having assumed the command, Prince Ferdinand 
wa obliged Yo act onthe defensive a some time: he 
joined the British f put his army 
into winter quarters towards the October. - 
The nayal affairs in 1758 belong more properly to 
the History of Britain: nevertheless, it may be pr 
very briefly to notice them here. To French ships af 
the line were driven on the coast of Spain by Admiral 
Osborne. The same fate attended a fleet that was 
bound for North America. But the success of Britain 
country to expect, and of the latter to dread ; for an 
br nye Sse pr grok SEX , and from 
which great expectations were |, to the coast of 
by no means produced the triumph to Britain, 
or the loss and Sg Pe gh pe Pilar: Reda 
anticipated, indeed, was taken, and the 
fartiGeations. demolished ; but, fr uence of the 
accumulating force which the French collected, it was 
then « welder it 
In America, where the war may be said to have ori- 
Affairs in v 
caten ‘the French were unsuccessful. Louisburg 
and the - was besieged and taken ; and the whole island of Ca 
Hast Indies, Breton, as well as that of St John, submitted to 
arms of his Britannic Majesty. The French settlements 
on the river 5 the island of Goree, were al- 
so wrested from them. In the East Indies, however, 
. i i in, aren fon 
‘was more having taken possession 
ee meee and Fort St Da- 
Ss. . - 
Gears; In the beginning of 1759, the French made them- 
of 1759. selves masters, by an act of perfidy, of Frankfort-on the 
As this isition. secured to them the course 
of the Maine and the Upper Rhine, the allies resolved 
a junction, which rendered it prudent for the Prince to 
retire. Nothing now intervened to prevent-them from 
VOL, 1X; PART 11, 
617 
taking possession of Munster and Minden ; and the ac- 
queen of them exposed Hanover to great danger, 
he Prince, therefore, in order to save the electorate, 
resolved to give them battle ; and the battle of Minden 
was fought, in consequence, on the Ist of August. Al- 
though the result of this battle was, perhaps, not so sa- 
tisfactory and nape to the Prince as it might 
have been, it enabled him to defend the electorate ef- 
fectually. No other event of c uence haying taken 
a this year on the Continent o pha in which 
French were concerned, we shall now briefly notice 
History. 
—— 
the disasters that attended them in the West Indies, Disasters of 
North America, the East Indies, and by sea. In the 
West Indies, Guadaloupe was reduced, though they 
saved Martinique from the attack of the English, 
North America, the genius and gallantry of Wolf strip- Indies, and 
them of all their ions, by the vi which by sea 
gained on the heights of Abrahisr. In the East In- 
dies, General Lally was at first ayer he even at- 
tempted the siege of Madras, but he was obliged to 
abandon the catipsl The French were afterwards 
defeated with great slaughter in two en ents. B 
sea they were Faeta as usually unfortunate this a4 
for, making ions for an invasion of Britain, all 
their ports in the Channel were blocked up by Admirals 
‘Rodney and Hawke ; while Admiral Boscawen, for a 
time, succeeded in blocking. up their fleet in the har- 
bour of Toulon.. The French Ee yes + ao 
an opportunity to escape ; an sea-fight off Ca 
ip best the uence, in which the Toulon fleet 
was defeated, with the loss of four ships of the line, 
Notwithstanding these disasters, the French minister 
seemed still bent on invading England ; and the Eng. 
lish fleet having been driven off the coast of France in 
a storm, Admiral Conflans put to sea with 21 sail of the 
line and some frigates: He was met by Admiral Hawke, 
and defeated with great loss, between Belleisle and 
Spe Quiberon. ' 
n 
the French 
in America, 
the East 
Tn and West 
order to compensate for these losses, the French Campaign 
Repteton: resolved to open the campaign of 1760 in of 1760. 
‘urope with immense force ; and as the nobility and 
seconded the exertions of the government, it 
was enabled to augment the army in Westphalia, under 
Marshal Broglio, to 100,000. e allied army under 
Prince Ferdinand, though ‘less numerous, was better 
mp ay Nothing of’ importance occurred between 
till the $1st of July, when the French were de- 
feated at the battle of Warburg, and obliged to retreat 
with the loss of 3000 men. In consequence of this 
victory, Prince Ferdinand was enabled to protect Ha~ 
nover; but the dominions of the Landgrave of Hesse 
were still exposed to the French. Soon afterwards 
‘both armies went into winter quarters. Int the East 
Indies the French were stripped of nearly all their pos- 
sessions this year. 
The death of George II. led the French government. 
to hope Sst his successor might be disposed te relax in 
his e to support the continental war ; but as soon 
as they were convinced, from the liberal supplies voted 
by the British parliament for the support of the Ger. 
man confederacy, that their expectations were ill found. 
ed, they, in conjunction with the court of Vienna, pro- 
terms of peace. A congress was accordingly 
appointed. to be held. at a a Te thie continen- 
tal. powers; while the separate discussions between 
Britain and France were to take place at Paris and 
London. Notwithstanding these negociations, hostilities 
were still carried on; and, with respect to the particular 
41 
