FRANCE. 
regiment which should take Bonaparte alive ; but 
no regiment‘moved to obtain the reward. 
Measures Louis, finding that the army was decidedly against 
of Louis. him, endeavoured to attach the republican party to his 
interest, by promising them a freer constitution ; but, 
at the same tirne, he impolitically threatened the French 
nation with the invasion of 300,000 foreigners, if Bo- 
naparte should triumph. ' In reality, surrounded as he 
sence, in keeping down such parts of the 
wiventies pe ‘allesage, un panyi 
, and accom 
him, he idly from Lyons towards Paris. On 
pms eh a vanced brevet iy 
40 leagues from the capital. In evening of the 19th, 
. Louis left Paris; and, at 4 o’clock in the net | 
puss of the 20th, Bonaparte entered it.’ The d 
Louis was unmolested ; and, during his j into 
the Netherlands, he no insult the peo- 
ple; and even the soldiery treated him with silent 
His addres. | As Soon as Bonaparte landed at Cannes, he issued 
sestothe addresses to the French people and to the army. In 
oy these addresses, et hehe gen ib Bes 
. suf. 
‘Trinciple on which 
in future to act ;—to forget that 
pe tes orb ne py aps mea but not to suffer any 
in their affairs, In subsequent official 
declarations, however, the breach of some of the arti- 
cles of the te mer was seed for tae tering 
the jenna, Was assi for his ing re- 
ied the throne of France. fod 
were the preservation of peace with the allies, 
and the with the terms on which the repub- 
* the sove- filled with declamation against the Bourbons, as 
reignsof a not fitted for the French , from which 
Europe. _ therefore the nation had 5 ca upon 
him as their liberator; and with sentimental ons 
ad ear t:< Gani nvaciae torn 
to 
paring to act most vigor: inst him, he had re- 
course to the usual methods of deceiving the French na- 
tion, who were now inning to be alarmed at the 
probable consequences of his return, by representing 
669 
him, and by fixing the day History. 
of the arrival of the Empress, as a proof that the Em- ~~ 
peror of Austria would not support the Bourbons. A. D, 1815. 
The most superficial knowledge of human nature 
will not permit us to believe, that a man of such a 
decided character as Bonaparte, with military and des- 
potic habits so long indulged and so strongly formed, 
could, during his short residence in Elba, become a 
sincere convert to and liberty. His declara- 
tions, therefore, in favour of both, must be traced to 
the same miotive. Perceiving that war was inevita- 
ble, and that the people required a strong stimulus to 
rouse them, and being under the controul of the. re- 
publican » he consented to the drawing up of an 
additi act to the constitution of the F'rench empire, Promises 
In this, there were certainly many excellent enact. the French: 
ments ; but even if France had remained at peace, they — gy 
must, ‘with the habits and feelings of her population, © 
have been completely nugatory.. In order to give the 
of the free and general acceptance of this 
act, and to afford the Parisians a spectacle, a 
decree was passed, ordering the assembly of 20,000 re- 
ives of the whole people, after the ancient man- 
ner of the Franks, in the Champde Mai. . 
soon found that his newly acquired power Isurrec- 
was likely to be shaken, not merely by foreign war, but-tions against 
by internal commotion, while the despotic authority, him in dif- 
which he had formerly exercised, was peremptorily de- ‘mt parts 
nied him by the chambers. Nearly the whole of the west, ° “™"°* 
and many districts of the south of France, were rising in. 
favour ot the Bourbons, animated by the presence of the 
Duke de Berri at j the Duke d’Angouleme on the- 
shores of the Mediterranean, and the Duchess d’Angou- 
leme at Bourdeaux ; and though these illustrious per- 
sonages were soon compelled to leave France, yet they 
had succeeded in raising a spirit of resistance, not less 
formidable from its extent and union, than from its de- 
termined character. In La Vendée, that former abode 
of loyalty to the Bourbons, a reguiar and successful ware 
fare in their behalf was carried on. ; 
As soon as the allied powers were informed of the 5.5... 
ing of Bo e, they issued a declaration, dated gions of the 
the 13th of M in which he was declared to have de- allies, 
prived himself of the protection of the law ; to have ma- 
nifested to the universe, that there could be neither peace 
nor truce with him ; to have placed himself without 
the-pale of civil and social relations ; and to have ren- 
dered himself liable to public vengeance, as an enemy 
and disturber of the tranquillity of the world. Against 
him, therefore, and in sup of the legitimate sove- 
reign of France, wae ved to make war. This de- 
elaration was strongly censured in England, as encou- 
raging the assassination of igs cae ; and though this 
interpretation was explicitly an a gy disavow- 
ed by the British ministry, yet, in the treaty among 
the allied powers, which was formed on this declara- 
tion, it was thought proper to omit these passages. By 
this treaty, Great Britain, Russia, Austria, and Prussia, 
agreed each to furnish 150,000 men ; and not to lay 
down their arms until Bonaparte was completely depri- 
ved of the power of exciting disturbances. When this 
treaty was ratified by Great Britain, a declaration was 
annexed, that there was no intention to interfere in 
the internal government of France: To this declaration 
the rest of the allies gave their formal and solemn 
assent. Even before the treaty was ratified, the allied 
troops were in motion towards the frontiers of France ; The Eng- 
and two formidable armies, under the Duke of Welling- lish and the 
Prussians 
the English as friendly to 
' ton and Prince Bluchet, were soon assembled in the vie oe ile in 
cinity of Brussels, . The aii, under the Duke of Wel-- 4}. Nether. 
lington were composed of British, Germans, Dutch, lands. 
