672 
of Wellington headed the foot-guards; spoke a few 
words to them, which were replica to by a general hur~ 
rah ; and his Grace guiding them on with his hat, 
they marched at the point of the bayonet, to close action 
with the imperial guard: but the latter began a retreat, 
in which they were imitated by the whole French ar~ 
my. The British, completely exhausted, left the pur- 
suit to the Prussians, who, coming fresh to battle, soon 
changed the retreat of the French into a rout, the most 
pose gtelte Eprom ever known. In this battle, nearly 
ilistory. 
—— 
A. D. 1815. 
Total 9 300 pieces of cannon were taken, and upwards of 14,000 
feat of the prisoners. ‘The loss of the French in killed, especially 
* on the 16th, when the Prussians neither gave nor re- 
ceived quarter, was immense; on the 16th and 18th, 
it could not have amounted to less than 40,000 men. On 
the 16th, the Prussians lost about 16,000 men; and on 
the 18th, the Duke of Wellington’s army about 13,000. 
and ruin of ~ No battle, perhaps, ever was fought of a more obsti- 
Bovapartes nate description, or more decisive in its consequences. 
In this one battle of Waterloo, the fate of 
was sealed, and his empire again overthrown. In this 
one battle, the fame of the Duke of Wellington was 
raised to a summit it cannot possibly surpass; and the 
British soldiers proved that they were worthy of being 
commanded by such a 
who fiiesto ° On leaving the field of battle, fled as ra- 
Paris, and pidly as possible to Paris, where he arrived onthe 21st, 
abdicates and convoked a council of ministers. On the 22d, the 
the throne. two chambers declared: their sittings’ 
Bonaparte was given to un 
was expected. ° a ee ee 
which hedeclared his political life terminated ; and pro- 
claimed his son, under the title of Napoleon TI, His ab- 
dication was accepted by the Chambers ;: but the ques- 
tion was evaded with regard to the title of young Na- 
poleon, A commission of five was chosen to exercise 
rovisionally the functions of government: the mem- 
beed were, Fouche, Carnot, Grenier, Caulaincourt, and 
Quinette. At first, the Chambers seem to have enter- 
tained some hopes that the of the allies might 
have been arrested; but on the representation of Ney, 
that it was impossible to collect 25,000 men, they voted 
that an nny eters be made to negociate an armis- 
tice with the Duke of Wellington. 
In the mean time, the Duke and Prince Blucher 
were advancing rapidly towards Paris. The latter was 
unsuccessfully by Marshal Grouchy, who hav- 
ing united some of the fugitives from the battle of 
Waterloo with his corps, at last reached the capital 
with about 40,000 men. With these, and some of 
the national guards, &c. an attempt was made to pre- 
vent the Prussians from taking a position’ on the left 
of the Seine, the only part whereon defensive works had 
been thrown up. the failure of this .attempt, and 
the refusal of the Duke of Wellington to negociate an 
armistice, Paris was surrendered to the allies by a mili- 
tary convention, the principal stipulations of which 
were, that the French army should march out of it, and 
take up a position behind the Loire ; that the duty of 
the city should continue to’ be performed. by the nation- 
al guards ; that public and private property should be 
; that no person should be called to account 
for his conduct or opinions; and that the convention 
should be common to all the allied powers, provided it’ 
FRANCE. 
were ratified by the powers on whom the armies were 
dependant.* On the 8th of July, Louis entered his ca- 
pice! again, She prone aeeeenene ae cham- 
council, 
such others as the ki 
sponsible ministers, The latter are in number eight: con- 
ror of Talleyrand, president of the council, and’secre- 
tary for foreign affairs; Baron Louis, minister of finance ; His mini- 
Fouche, Duke of Otranto, of the police ; Baton ier, ***** 
the department of justice, and keeper of the seals ; Mar- 
shal Gouvion St Cyr, the a t of war; Count de 
Jaucour, the marine ;and the Duke de Richelieu, the 
household. Theappointmentof Fouche, aman moredeep- 
ly stained with the crimes of the Revolution, than per 
. 
; 
iy 
- 3 
be wr gy er principal surviving actors in that dread- { 
drama, excited universal astonishment and indigna- 
banks of the Loire ; and at length sent in a haughty, 
reluctant, and suspicious submission to Louis, commu- 
nicated in an address from Davoust, who commanded 
it, more like the state paper of an i t sove- 
sign, than the penitent submission of a‘ rebellious and 
ated general. Even after Louls had re-ascended ; 
the throne, the armies of Bavaria, Russia, and Austria, 
were obliged to fight their way to Paris; and-in those 
instances, where entered into n f - with 
Bonaparte’s generals, the latter were left in a condition : 
of i dence on their legitimate sovereign, and al- . 
most placed on a level with the victorious allies.. Not: 
withstandi e presence of nearly 300,000 troops of : 
the allies, seditious cries and movements constantly agi- — a 
prc eevee Nata In many of the provin= France, 
ces, a spirit of disaffection shews itself openly. In short, 
to judge from the present state of France, we should con- 
clude, that it was not the conquered but the victorious 
country, and that Bonaparte, instead of being an exile, 
was still on the throne. In this alarming crisis, the 
measures of Louis are timid and vacillating. A few of 
s creatures, who swore allegiance to Louis, | 
and then betrayed him, have been ordered to be arrest- . 
ed and tried ; but it is extremely doubtful, whether 
this order will be followed Aart Bac eee to take . 
them ; and if they are taken, by whom are orenbe 
tried ? by men as guilty as themselves! The para- 
mount feeling which thus ‘agitates France, is that of 
wounded self-love; the di and humiliation ‘of be« 
ing conquered, which, in the time of their success, they 
most insultingly poured on other nations, is returned : 
on themselves ; the demoralization which the national 
character has suffered during the Revolution, has be« 
come so deeply seated, aud so constitutional, that the 
severe remedies which have been applied serve’ only to 
irritate and inflame. Hence there-is reason to-aj 
hend, that it will require a considerable time, 
and measures of consummate wisdom applied ‘with ex 
treme caution, to restore France to that state, in which 7 
to Aen wot ne rae safe, and useful member of 
the community of urope.” e aye 
ss 
F - ‘ : ‘ r #00. iti 
fate of Bonaparte, after his second) abdication, is rather the subject of biography than of | historyy yet we shall-here sub- 
« the 
ere Before the allies reached Paris, he quitted that 
ital and went to r ~vesse pace Rrepeset en, 
him and his attendants to America. The British government, however, informed of his plan, b ed this part of the ’rench coast so 
, that he found himself compelled to surrentier to Captain Mai of the Bell , who commanded the blockading : 
‘In this ship he was to the coast of , but not suffered to land ; ‘and about the middle of August, he was sent ‘to the island- 
of St Helena with part of his suite, to be kept during the remainder of his life. ‘ pave ote Lay é' 
