Statistics. 
—— 
FRANCE, 
The best gold and silver laces are made at Paris and 
poh ama edger: mean at Montmorency, 
Sarcelles, Estrepagny, &c. Ribbons are chiefly made 
in Paris and Lyons: There are also large quantities 
manufactured at St Etienne and St Chaumont. Silk 
stockings, gloves, and mittens, are manufactured at 
Paris, Lyons, Nismes, Montpellier, Dourdans, &c. 
ing the most flourishing period of the silk ma- 
~ nufacture of Lyons, it is computed that 18,000 looms 
were constantly and regularly at work, of which about 
12,000 were employed in the manufacture of figured 
silks. The state of the manufacture in 1786 was as 
follows: The Sa silks eel were < different kinds, 
independent of the silks of the grow teeter eo 
They imported at Lyons, chiefly by the way of Gene- 
va, raw silks from Piedmont to the amount of 668,850 
livres ; from Naples, to the amount of 263,400 3 and 
pm res on native silks to the amount of 447,300: 
ing the total value of the raw silks 1,399,550 livres, 
The fourth of this amount was sent to different 
parts of the kingdom to be manufactured ; the three 
parts were employed at Lyons,—which gives an 
amount of 1,049,661 livres. pon this computation 
it results, that they manufactured yearly in that ci 
349,887 pieces of stuff of all kinds. “ It was computed, 
that each piece t a benefit to the manufacturer 
of 36 livres, or 12 livres for each of silk ; which 
ives 12,595,932 livres. In the year 1787, the manu- 
of rate employed 15,000 looms ; in 1788, 
i 
14,777; and number of workmen was 58,500. 
In the most flourishing state of the silk manufacture, 
it was that nearly half the looms of the king- 
dom were employed at Lyons. There were besides at 
Nismes about 3000; at Tours from 1200 to 1500; and 
about 2000 at Paris. There were besides about 20,000 
used for the makin: of silk stockings, and 10,000 for 
that of ribbons, , and lace. In 1775, 
nity ef mative il tothe whole’ Hingiom at 
390,000,000 th t 
itappears thatthe native silk was worth 56,000,000 livres 
silk articles annually sent out of France were estimated 
as follows: Silken stuffs, taffetas, sattins, &c. 14,884,100 
livres; ditto, mixed, 649,600; silken gauzes, 5,452,000; 
handkerchiefs, 118,000; ribbons, 1,231,900; 
2,589,200; various other articles, 445,300; ing a 
total of 25,370,100 livres. 
5. Linen is manufactured in most of the provinces, but 
incipally in Brittany, Normandy, Picardy, Hainault, 
ambresis, Flanders, Maine, Dauphiny, Auvergne, 
Beaujolais, , Gascony, and Anjou. Brittany 
and some parts of Normandy are most celebrated for 
this manufacture. The principal articles of linen cloth 
made in Normandy are those called low cloths, made 
in the vicinity of Fecampe, in the department of the 
Lower Seine; h tow-cloths, made in the valley of 
Longueville, in the adjacent vi , and near Rouen ; 
cloths used in the formation of oil-cloths and umbrellas 
are made at Ourville ; a particular sort of linen, former- 
sent to the Brazils, at St "s ; toiles a veste in 
icinity of Bacqueville; strong flaxen cloths at 
VOL. IX. PART Ir. 
721 
Dieppe, Havre, Fecamp, &c. ; tickings at St Loo, Ev« Statisties, 
reux, and other parts in Lower Normandy ; coverings 
for mattresses at St Vallery, St Laurent, &c.; linen 
cloth with blue and white grounds, for sailors’ shirts, 
at St Laurent, Toqueville, &c.: damasked linen at 
Rouen, St Vallery, and Bolbec ; in the article of printed 
linens Snly, the sale at Rouen, when the manufacture 
flourished, was computed at from £20,000 to £25,000 
sterling per week. The quantity sold in the hall an- 
nually, averaged about 35,000,000 millions of livres. 
The principal linen manufactures of Brittany are sail- 
and canvass at Rennes, Angers, Agen, (also at 
Marseilles: and Mont de Marsan,) and what are called 
Crez and Bretagnes. In the middle of last century, 
6000 bales of Crez and Bretagnes, were annually export- 
ed from Morlaix alone ; 20 goats afterwards the expor- 
tation fell to about. 4500 bales; and at the commence- 
ment of the Revolution it fell below 4000. The annual 
value of these cloths made in Brittany, in the flourish- 
ing state of the manufacture, was about 1,200,000 livres. 
In several of the villages of this province, particularly 
at Vitry, the women and children used to be much 
employed in knitting thread stockings and gloves, which 
were sent to Spain, and even to the East Indies. They 
sold about 20,000 livres worth of them every year. Be- 
fore the Revoltition, France exported linen cloth to the 
amount of from 12,000,000 to 13,000,000 of livres; and 
lawn and cambric, manufactured principally in the 
French Netherlands, to the amount of 6,000,000. 
4, Though the cotton manufacture is of 
tively late establishment, yet it had begun to flourish 
considerably before the Revolution. The principal seat 
of it was then, and indeed still is, Rouen and its vici- 
nity which has not inaptly been called the Manchester 
of France. Here cottons, made from materials called 
tutacotin, brought to France by way of Holland ; cotton 
handkerchiefs; a sort of coarse cotton cloth, called 
siamoise ; besides fabrics of mixed cotton and thread, 
were manufactured. There were also small manufac- 
tures of cotton in some other parts of France, at 
the period of the Revolution, particularly in Beaujo- 
lais, edoc, and Flanders; but we are not acquaint~ 
ed with any data on which to estimate the value of this 
manufacture. The quilts of Marseilles, which are still 
as much in use as ever in that of France, where a 
blanket is a rare thing ; the muslin’ of Rouen, Nismes, 
Bezieres, and Rheims ; and the dimities and fustians of 
Alengon, Lyons, Troyes, and Toulouse, may be classed 
under this head. 
5. As the laces manufactured in France are made Laces. 
both of silk and thread, we shall consider them sepa- 
rately. Before the Revolution, they were a flourishin 
and important branch of trade. They are manufactu 
at Lisle, Valenciennes, Dieppe, Puy, Paris, Caen, Ar- 
ras, Alencon, and Argentan, in the greatest quantity, 
and of the best quality. At Paris are made black and 
white laces of thread; and also at Valenciennes, Dieppe, 
and Puy. At Arras, minionette and entoilage laces, 
eat quantities of which used to be brought to Eng- 
fand. The point lace of Alengon has long enjoyed a 
great tation France, England, Germany, 
&e. The point lace of Argentan, called point d’ Argen- 
tan, is also celebrated. 
6. In the beginning of the last century, there were Paper. 
seven provinces in France where the paper manufac- 
ture was chiefly carried on: Champagne, Normandy, ~ 
Brittany, An ois, Perigord, Limosin, and Au- 
vergne, At that period, a and other countries 
Y 
compara= Cotton, 
