PRINTING MACHINERY. 



J7:; 





Bold'* 



and 



punting 

 in itiiincry. 



jnding 

 jparatuu. 

 I.ATE % 



:CLXIX. 



- *, 3, 



of a cylinder, with flattened sides, or of a prism 

 with any number of sides. 



le uses a revolving tympan frame, which carries 

 a number of tympans, for the pui|i->-r of receiving 

 the sheet of paper, and bringing them successively 

 into the situation where they are to be printed. See 

 \tu ton's Journnl, vo 1 . \ii. p. 7. 



Another patent for a printing machine was taken 

 out in 18'J2, by Mr. John Bold of Bermondaey ; but as 

 it irtoo complex to be described without the aid of 

 many figures, we must refer the reader to Newton's 

 .Jourtuil of lltf Artx, vol. vi. p. 11, July 1823, where a 

 drawing and description of it is given. 



Church's Type-Fomidifig and Printing Machinery. 



The very remarkable apparatus for printing, invent- 

 ed by Mr. William Church of Birmingham, and se- 

 cured by patent in 18vivi, consists of three machines. 



1. The object of the Jin,t is to cast metallic types 

 with extraordinary expedition, and to arrange them 

 for the compositor. 



2. The second machine selects and combines the 

 types into words and sentences. And, 



3. The third is for taking impressions from the 

 types so arranged. 



1. Type Founding Apparatus. The machine for 

 casting the types is shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 of 

 Plate CCCCLXIX. the first being a plan, the second 

 an elevation, and the third a section of the machine. 

 In these figures a is a box, holding the melted type 

 metal, (which flows from the fountain d) having in 

 front of it the mould b, (Fig. 3.) and b b Fig. 5. formed 

 by a steel bar, with a number of vertical grooves to 

 hold the metal. Below this mould are placed the 

 matrices c c, which form the letter or face of the 

 type. By means of a plunger e, a portion of the 

 melted metal is displaced from a, and rushes with 

 force into the grooves of the mould bar, and into the 

 matrices. The machine operates in the following man- 

 ner. A fly-wheel g, driven by hand, moves the shaft 

 h, carrying the cam wheel z'i: As soon as the cam, 

 seen at 1 Fig. 3. is slid from beneath the end of the 

 lever j, the plunger e is drawn down by a weight ap- 

 pended ioj, and forces a portion of the metal into the 

 moulds and matrices. As the cam wheel advances, a 

 projecting part of its periphery 2 raises the end of the 

 lever k, and a short arm at the reverse end of the shaft, 

 which carries this lever k. t shifts the mould bar 6 later- 

 ally, and brings its grooves under a serits of punches, 

 extending from the bar / /, Fig. 2. The matrix bar c 

 is now unlocked by a cam 3 bearing against the end 

 of the lever m, the reverse end of which slides back a 

 bar holding a series of wedges n n, and thereby per- 

 mitting the matrix bar to descend the one-eighth of an 

 inch, so as to withdraw the ends of the cast types 

 from these matrices. Another cam 4 striking the up- 

 per end of the lever o o, causes the reverse end of it 

 to draw forward the matrix bar c from beneath the 

 types. The cam 5 now pushes back the arm p of a 

 compound lever, and causes the other arm 17 to force 

 down the bar / / with its punches, which push the types 

 out of the mould bar into the guides r, which are 

 square tubes formed to the figure of the types, and 

 twisted one quarter round, in order to bring the body 

 of each type into the proper position for the composing 

 machine. After the types have descended in the 

 guides, a pair of guide cams / (Fig. 3.) between which 

 the end of the lever v acts, cause by their obliquity 

 the lever v to vibrate and slide the projected bar n 

 backwards and forwards, so that at every operation of 



the machine, the types are pushed backwards in ranges Printio* 

 of the box*, each type preset vingitserectponttion. When Mtchincty. 

 the cam 5 has passed the lever p, the weight attached """v^ 1 ^ 

 to it cau-es the punch-bar and punches / to rise into 

 their former position. The cam (') now pushes back o, 

 brings the matrix bar beneath the mould bar, and the 

 matrix b.ir i-, locked up by the cam 7, which, acting 

 on the end of the lever in, pushes the wedges into their 

 original situation. The grooves for the moulds are 

 replaced over the matrices by the friction roller at the 

 n.'l of the lever k, descending from the elevated psrt 

 of the periphery of the wheel it at 8, and shifting back 

 the mould bar. One entire revolution having been 

 performed, the cam I is again brought under the end 

 of the lever j, which raises the plunger e to be ready 

 for a second operation. 



The mould bar has many turnings cut through it, 

 (as shown in Fig. 6.) for the passage of cold water to 

 cool the type metal. The water is conveyed by a 

 pipe x, and discharged by an aperture at //. 



1 2. Composing Apparatus. The types being arrang- Competing 

 ed in files of letters, are placed in boxes or slips, p ppar t tU fa' 

 shown at a, a, Fig. 7. bb are a number of jacks, *** ' 

 each of which has a key attached to it as in the harp- 

 eichord. There are four rows of keys, as in Fig. 8, 

 in order that any one of them may be touched by the 

 finger ; and c c, Fig. 7. is a number of slits corre- 

 sponding to the keys, through which the heads of the 

 jacks pass. Each file of letters stands exactly over the 

 head of its jack. When the finger presses on the key 

 b 1, Fig. 8. the head of its jack b 1 pushes forward the 

 lower type of the file a, against which it stood, to the 

 front part of the plate c. As the key b 1 descend;, 

 the lever e is raised by the descent of d, and the end 

 of e enters a snail groove in a snail wheel /', connected 

 by a train of wheel- work, to a barrel g, containing a 

 spring intended to act .as a clock-movement, to give 

 motion to the arms h k in front. The lever e acting as 

 a trigger, lets off the clock movement, whenever a key 

 is depressed, and the wheel f revolves once on the de- 

 scent of each key. Each of the revolutions of/ raises 

 and depresse? the connecting rod i by the crank on its 

 axle. This causes the shaft j, and the collecting arm 

 //, to vibrate, so that each turn of/ gives a pendulous 

 motion to the arms h, h, and brings together the col- 

 lectors k, k, which slide the type from any part of the 

 plate c to the centre, and this type is pushed down 

 through an aperture in the plate into the curved chan- 

 nel n, n, which answers the end of a composing stick. 

 This is done by the front part of the lever m, which 

 descends while the rod / is pushed up by the wheel^/1 

 The types may now be taken in the usual manner 

 from the composing stick, and arranged into pages. 



3. Printing Apparatus. A side view of this ma- Printing 

 chine is seen in Fig. 9, and a section through its mid- apparatus, 

 die lengthwise in Fig. 10, where a is the table to hold *' 9 t 10. 

 the form of types, b the plattin, c the inking rollers, 

 and d, and d 1, the friskets. The machine is moved 

 by a handle and fly-wheel, on the axis of which are the 

 pullies e, from which cords pass to f, and from /'an end- 

 less chain extends to a pulley at the reverse end of the 

 machine. This chain, attached to the frame of the ink- 

 ing rollers, draws them, by alternating revolutions of 

 the pullies e, over the table and form of types <;. These 

 movements of the inking roller are produced by a pe- 

 culiarly formed endless screw (on the axle of the pul- 

 lies e) with a cross thread, into which a tooth works 

 on the under side, and causes the screw to slide back, 

 wards and forwards laterally, locking alternately into 

 one of the pullies c. The ink is taken up from the 



