QUA 



292 



QUE 



Quakers 



II 

 Quarles. 



ing, to which they send representatives, who produce, 

 at the quarterly meeting, written answers, from the 

 monthly meetings, to certain queries respecting the 

 conduct of their members, and the meetings' care over 

 them. The accounts thus received are digested into 

 one, which is sent also in the form of answers to que- 

 ries by representatives to the yearly meeting, and thus 

 the state of the body is laid before the society at large. 

 Appeals from the judgment of a monthly meeting are 

 brought to the quarterly meeting, whose business it is 

 also to assist the monthly meeting in any difficult case, 

 or where they appear to be remiss in their care over 

 the individuals who compose them. 



The yearly meeting has the general superintendence 

 of the society in the country in which it is established ; 

 and, therefore, as particular exigencies arise, it gives 

 forth its advice, makes such regulations as appear to be 

 requisite, or excites to the observance of those already . 

 made. Appeals from the judgment of quarterly meet- 

 ings are here finally determined. There are, in all, 

 nine yearly meetings, one in London, to which come 

 representatives from Ireland, and eight in America. 



Those who believe themselves required to speak in 

 meetings for worship are not immediately acknowled- 

 ged as ministers by their respective monthly meetings, 

 but time is taken for judgment, that the meeting may 

 be satisfied of their call and qualification. And in or- 

 der that those who are in the situation of ministers may 

 have the sympathy and counsel of those of either sex, 

 who, by their experience in the work of religion, are 

 qualified for that service, the monthly meetings are ad- 

 vised to select such, under the denomination of elders. 

 These, with the ministers approved by their monthly 

 meetings, have meetings peculiar to themselves, called 

 meetings of ministers and elders, in which they have 

 an opportunity of exciting each other to the discharge 

 of their several duties, and of extending advice to those 

 who may appear to stand in need of it. Such meet- 

 ings are generally held in the compass of each month- 

 ly, quarterly, and yearly meeting. The members of 

 them unite with their brethren in the meetings for dis- 

 cipline, and are equally accountable to the latter for 

 their conduct. 



The foregoing account is principally compiled from 

 the following works : " A Summary of the Hislorij, 

 Doctrine, &c, of Friends;" R. Claridge's " Life and Post- 

 humous Works;" William Penn's " Works;" R. Bar- 

 day's " Apology ;" and Sew ell's " History of the Qua- 

 kers" 



QUANG-TON. See CHINA. Vol. VI. p. 209. 



QUARLES, FRANCIS, an English poet, of moderate 

 genius, was the son of James Quarles, Esq. of the Navy 

 Board, and was born in 1592, at Rum ford, near Essex. 

 He received his education at Christ's College, Cam- 

 bridge, and afterwards was entered at Lincoln's Inn. 

 For some time he held the situation of cupbearer to the 

 Queen of Bohemia, the daughter of James I. ; and, up- 

 on his return, he received the situation of secretary to 

 Archbishop Usher, in Ireland. The breaking out of 

 the rebellion, however, in 16*41, compelled him to re- 

 turn after the loss of his property. Our author had also 

 held the situation of chronologer to the city of London, 

 and he enjoyed a pension from Charles I. in considera- 

 tion of his having made himself known by several 

 works on religious subjects. One of his writings, 

 called ' the Loyal Convert" gave great offence to the 

 parliament ; and his attachment to the king, which he 

 evinced by joining him at Oxford, was punished by 



5 



Quebec. 



the loss of his estates, books, and MSS. These losses Quartz 

 preyed upon his spirits, and he died in 1644, at the 

 age oi fifty-two. 



Our author is chiefly known by his " Divine Em* 

 blems," though he has written several works, both in 

 prose and verse. This work consists of a set of designs 

 exhibited in prints, and illustrated by some lines attach- 

 ed to each, and was once much admired by pious read- 

 ers. His verses, though occasionally injured with bad 

 taste, display many marks of real genius. See Head- 

 ley's Select Beauii.es of Ancient English Poetry, and Mr. 

 Jackson of Exeter's Letters on Various Subjects. 

 p. 352. 



QUARTZ. See MINERALOGY. Vol. XIIT. p. 545, 548. 



QUASSIA. See MATERIA MEDICA. Vol. XIV. 



QUEBEC, a city of North America, and the capital 

 of the province of Lower Canada, is situated on a high 

 point of land on the N.W. side of the St. Lawrence, 

 at the confluence of the river St. Charles, and at the 

 distance of about 320 miles from the Atlantic. The 

 riven is here contracted by a point of land on the op- 

 posite side, to the breadth of three-fourths of a mile, 

 but afterwards expands to the width of five or six miles. 

 The name Quebec denotes in the Algonquin lan- 

 guage this contraction. The basin, which is the name 

 given to the wide part of the river before the town, is 

 capable of floating 100 ships of the line. 



Quebec is divided into the Upper and Lower towns. 

 The former stands upon limestone rock on the side of 

 Cape Diamond ; and the lower town, which is built 

 close to the river and round the bottom of the point, or 

 ground gained from the sea, is 15 feet lower than the 

 upper one, and is separated from it by a line of steep 

 rocks. 



The streets of Quebec are, from the nature of its 

 situation, very uneven and irregular. All of them are 

 well paved, and their breadths vary from 24 to 32 feet. 

 St Louis Street is reckoned the finest part of the town, 

 and contains many handsome houses of modern aspect. 

 The greater proportion of the houses in Quebec are 

 built with stone. 



Among the public buildings of Quebec the castle of 

 St. Louis is the principle one. It is a handsome stone 

 edifice, standing on the summit of the rock, and on 

 the margin of a precipice about 200 feet high. From 

 the gallery which surrounds the solid wall of masonry 

 which supports the building, there is an extensive view 

 of great interest. The castle is three stories in height, 

 and is 162 feetin length, and 45 in breadth. 



The court-house, which is 136 feet long, and 44 

 broad, is a large modern building of stone, situated in 

 St. Louis Street. The cathedral of the Protestant 

 church, though simple in its ornaments, is deemed one 

 of the handsomest edifices in the city. It is 136 feet 

 Jong and 75 broad, and stands near the court-house. 

 Its spire, which is high, is covered with tin, like several 

 of the houses. The cathedral of the Catholics, which 

 is opposite to the market-place, is a spacious and massy 

 building of stone, about 21 6 feet long and 108 broad. 

 The new jail, which is an elegant edifice of fine free- 

 stone, about 160 feet long and 68 broad, cost 15,000, 

 and was completed in 1814. In the artillery barracks, 

 which are a new building, about 527 feet long and 40 

 broad, there is an armoury, store-houses, and work 

 shops, besides quarters for the artillery soldiers. The 

 armoury contains small arms, &c. for 20,000 men, 

 which are always ready for use. The Ursuline con- 

 vent is a good building, and its church is richly and 



