QUE 



294 



QUE 



Queen's 



fclounty, 



Queens- 



ferry. 



low bog of about two spades deep, occurs in the moors 

 over a stratum of gravel or clay. When this is re- 

 claimed, it forms the richest land, and the expense is 

 frequently repaid in one year. 



in honour of Margaret, Malcolm Canmore's queen, who 

 frequented and patronised the place. 



The principal manufacture of the town is brown 

 soap ; and the place is sustained chiefly by it and by 



According to Sir Charles Coote, the principal mine- the fishery, and the business of the ferry. 



rals in Queen's County are, limestone, coal, iron, cop- 

 per, manganese, mica, marble, freestone, ochre, marie, 

 Fuller's earth, and a variety of clays valuable in pot- 

 tery. Rich quarries of limestone exist in almost every 

 town land. The coal is the same as that of Kilkenny, 

 or glance coal of Werner. It occurs near Carlow, where 

 the collieries are very extensive. The quantity of tim- 

 ber in this county is very small, in consequence of the 

 tenants having been partly obliged to cut, burn, and 

 destroy so many acres of wood. 



The principal towns in Queen's County are, Mary- 

 borough, Portarlington, Stradbelly, Mountmelich, 

 Mountrath, and Ballynekill. Maryborough, which is 

 the county town, was disfranchised along with Bally- 

 nekill, at the Union. Portarlington, which sends one 

 member to Parliament, is a populous and well-built 

 town, of one street, on the Barrow. Many genteel 

 families resort to it for the sake of its schools, which 

 are numerous. Stradbelly is a neat village, with a hand- 

 some church, a good market place, and a charter school. 

 A monastery was founded there in the 12th century 

 by Lord O'More. 



The principal manufactures of the county are linens 

 and coarse woollen goods. The principal exports are 

 corn and other articles of land produce. A good deal 

 of cheese is made for the Dublin market. 



Queen's County sends two members to Parliament. 



A great part of Queen's County is divided into large 

 estates, from L.5000 to L.I 5,000 per annum, some of 

 which are let on perpetual leases. The chief proprie- 

 tors are, the Marquis of Drogheda, Lord de Vesci, 

 Ossory, Ashbrooke, Stanhope, Castle Coote, Portarling- 

 ton, and Maryborough ; Sir Charles Coote, Mr. Par- 

 nell, Mr. Strange. 



See Beaufort's Memoir of a Map of Ireland. Sir 

 Charles Coote's Statistical Survey of Queens County ; 

 and Wakefield's Statistical Account of Ireland. 



QUEENSFERRY, SOUTH, a royal burgh and sea- 

 port town of Scotland in the county of Linlithgow, is 

 situated on the south side of the Firth of Forth, about 

 9 miles from Edinburgh, and on the great north road. 

 It consists principally of an irregular street, composed 

 of ill-built houses, and a few of which are of decent as- 

 pect. There are, on the west side of the town, the re- 

 mains of an old chapel, with a stone roof. 



Queensferry derives its chief importance from the 

 ferry which is at Newhalls, about a quarter of a mile 

 to the east of the town. This ferry has long been un- 

 der excellent management. Good piers of solid ma- 

 sonry project into the sea, so that there is a passage at 

 all times of the tide. The south pier, which is double, 

 is particularly excellent ; and there is a light and watch 

 house erected on a rock at the north pier. There are 

 also sundry piers on the south side, one to the west of 

 the town, and another to the east of Newhalls. 



The passage is only about two miles wide ; and 

 half way through there is a rock with a small fort on 

 its summit. 



The town, which sends a member to Parliament in 

 conjunction with Stirling, Dunfermline, Inverkeithing, 

 and Culross, is governed by a provost, one land bailie, 

 two sea bailies, a dean of guild, and a town-couucil. 

 In old charters, the town is called Passagium Regince, 



Queens- 

 ferry 



I! 



Qucsnay 

 Fran^oi*. 



The Firth at this place was surveyed several years 

 ago, with the view of cutting a tunnel beneath it ; but 

 the enterprise was then deemed too hazardous, and 

 has not been revived even in this period of speculation. 



Hopetoun House, the magnificent mansion of the Earl 

 of Hopetoun, is partly situated on the top of the ridge 

 which rises from the shore to the west of the town. 



The great road from Edinburgh to the ferry has re- 

 cently (in 1824) been greatly improved, by an elegant 

 bridge over Cramond water ; and as the road passes by 

 the fine and picturesque grounds of Dalmeny park, the 

 residence of the Earl of Roseberry, and command's 

 occasionally fine views of the Forth, the stage between 

 Edinburgh and Queenferry is perhaps one of the finest 

 in the kingdom. Population about 560. 



North Queensferry consists of an inn and a few houses; 

 on the north side of the Firth, and exports whinstone 

 from the extensive quarries in its vicinity. 



QUELPAERT is the name of an island in the eas- 

 tern seas, situated to the south of Corea, in east Long. 

 120 18' 57", and north Lat. 33 7' 49". The Sparrow 

 Hawk, a Dutch vessel, was wrecked here in 1635; 

 and La Perouse coasted along it in 1787. The middle 

 of the island rises into a peak above 5000 feet high, 

 which is seen at the distance of 18 or 20 leagues; and 

 the land slopes gradually to the sea. The island ap- 

 pears to be well cultivated to a considerable height. 



QUERCITRON is the name given to the bark of 

 the Quercus Tinctoria. 



This tree is one of the largest of the American trees, 

 and generally attains its greatest size in the valleys 

 between the high mountains of North Carolina. Its 

 height is commonly 80 feet, and its diameter 8 feet. 

 It is highly valuable for its timber, and its bark is rec- 

 koned superior in tanning to any other species of oak, 

 in consequence of the yellow colour which it gives to 

 the leather. 



It was introduced into dying under the name of 

 Quercitron by Dr. Bancroft, whose method and pro- 

 cesses are fully detailed in our article DYEING, vol. viii. 

 sect. 33, 142, 150, 260, 316, 328, 335, 338, 379. 



QUERCUS. See BOTANY, and MATERIA MEDICA, 

 Vol. XIII. p. 352. 



QUESNAY FRANCOIS, a celebrated physician 

 and political economist, was born at Ecquivilly, or as 

 some say, at Merey, in 1694, and was the son of a com- 

 mon labourer, or a small farmer. His education was en- 

 tirely neglected ; and he is said to have learned to read 

 the Maispn Ruslique of Liebaut, by means of a few 

 lessons from the village gardener; and by the aid of his 

 master, the surgeon of Ecquivilly, he acquired a know- 

 ledge of the Latin and Greek languages. The assist* 

 ance thus given to our young student was amply re- 

 paid ; for when his master applied for admission to the 

 college of St. Come, he presented several essays, writ- 

 ten by Quesnay, which were received with high ap- 

 plause. This little incident roused the ambition of 

 Quesnay, and excited him to repair to Paris, where he 

 prosecuted most ardently his medical studies, and be- 

 gan also his metaphysical researches by the perusal of 

 Malebranche's Recherche de la Veriie. At this time an 

 accidental acquaintance with Cochin, of the Royal Acar 

 demy, induced him to acquire from that artist a know- 



