II O O 



449 



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System qf Mechanical Philosophy. Dr. Young'g 

 !.-< lures on Natural PkUowpty. harlow's Estai/ on 

 //it- .SVM-/U://I / Tnnl>?r. Rondalflfi jy/fr/ / /*/i>. 

 Kr.itU liccn.il de Charpenle. Smith's Carpenter' t 

 C;>iHl>(iniun Salimbene. Mnii. Soc. ItaL torn. iv. p. 

 IVuv'-i /yri/M Carpenter. Mathurin Jousse 

 Art dc la C/iarpenlerie. Nicholson's Carpentcr't As- 



tittant. Nicholson's Carpenter'* Guide ; and particu- 

 Jarly Tredgold'f Elementary Principle* of Carpentry, 

 Loud. 1820, a work of great merit and utility. A 

 method of raising sunken roofs will be found in the 

 Transaction* oftlte Society oj Arts, vol. . p. J7*, by 

 Mr. Woart. 



Rook 



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HOOK. See ORNITHOLOGY, Vol. XVI. p. 33. 



ROOKE, LA \vuKNri:, a mathematician of consider- 

 a ^ e eminence - was born at Deptford, in Kent, in 1623. 

 After receiving a good education at Eton school, he 

 was sent, in HJ39, to King's college, Cambridge, where 

 he took his degrees. In Ki.'iOhe engaged apartments in 

 Wadham college, Oxford, for the purpose of enjoying 

 the society of Dr. Wilkins and Mr. Seth Ward. He 

 afterwards became a fellow commoner of the college ; 

 and during his residence at Oxford, where he remained 

 for several years, he assisted Mr. Boyle in his chemical 

 and physical experiments. In the year 1652, Mr. 

 Rooke was appointed professor of astronomy in Gre- 

 sliem college; and in 1657, he exchanged that chair 

 for that of geometry. Mr. Rooke was one of those 

 meritorious individuals, by whose exertions the Royal 

 Society was established, though he did not live to see 

 it flourishing under the royal charter. Among Mr. 

 Rooke's friends and patrons was the Marquis of Dor- 

 chester, who frequently invited him to his seat at High- 

 gate, and took him every Wednesday to the Royal So- 

 ciety meetings in Gresham college. In consequence of 

 walking on a hot summer's day from Highgate to Lon- 

 don, he caught a cold, of which he died in June, 1662, 

 in the 40th year of his age. Mr. Rooke enjoyed very 

 high reputation during his life time ; but the writings 

 which he has left behind him possess little value, and 

 are not worthy of being enumerated. See Ward's Lives 

 of the Gresham Professors. 



ROOKE, SIR GEORGE, a celebrated naval comman- 

 der, was born in 1650. His passion for the navy was 

 so strong, that he entered the service as a volunteer ; 

 and having distinguished himself by his courage and 

 attention to business, he soon obtained the post of lieu- 

 tenant, from which he rose to that of captain before he 

 was thirty years of age. In 1690, he was appointed 

 rear-admiral of the blue; and in 16Q2, he obtained the 

 rank of vice-admiral, and served in the famous battle of 

 La Hogue.* On the day following the battle, he suc- 



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ceeded in burning twelve ships of the line, and a 56 Rooke, 

 gun frigate in La Hogue. In consequence of this ser- Sir George, 

 vice, the king settled upon him a pension of dK 1000 per Hoou. 

 annum. In 1693, he received the honour of knight- '"""V"" ' 

 hood, and was made vice-admiral of the red. In 1696, 

 he received the chief command of the Channel fleet, and 

 he held this situation till the peace of Ryswick, in 

 1697. He was elected member of parliament for Port*- 

 mouth, and appointed one of the lords of the admiralty. 

 In parliament he voted principally with the Tories ; 

 and when the Whigs went so far as to press King Wil- 

 liam to remove him from the Admiralty, his Majesty 

 resolutely replied, " I will not. Sir George served me 

 faithfully at sea, and I never will displace him for acting 

 as he thinks most usefully for the service of his country in. 

 the House of Commons." In 1700, he commanded the 

 fleet which bombarded Copenhagen. In 1701, he com- 

 manded the Channel fleet; and when Queen Anne as- 

 cended the throne, he was appointed, as vice-admiral of 

 England, to the united English and Dutch fleet which 

 went out against Cadiz. Although that expedition 

 failed, yet Sir George had the good luck to learn, that 

 22 Spanish galleons, guarded by a French squadron, 

 had arrived in the harbour of Vigo, and having sent 

 fireships into the harbour, he destroyed the men of war 

 and several galleons, and captured the rest. After per- 

 forming some other services to his country, Sir George 

 retired into private life, and spent the remainder of his 

 days in Kent, where he died in 1708, in the 58th 

 year of his age. See Campbell's Lives of the Admi- 

 rals. 



ROOTS. Inour articles ALGEBRA and ARITHMETIC, 

 we have treated of the roots of equations and of numbers 

 at sufficient length. It remains only to give under the 

 present article a Table of the square and cube roots of 

 numbers, which will be found of the greatest use in 

 various calculations both in science and the arts. The 

 Table is too simple to require farther explanation. 



Jee our article BRITAIN, VoL IV. page 614. 



VOL. XVII. PART II. 



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