R U D 



*470 



HUG 



Hub/ to easel painting. He continued, however, to enjoy 

 uflint-nt hralth to enable him to continue his profea- 

 _*"', eional labours till the year 1640, when lu- <!t.<l on the 

 JOth of May, in the 63d year of his ope. His remains 

 were interred with great pomp in the church of St. 

 James, at Antwerp, beneath the altar of n private cha- 

 ju-l of his own, which he had ornamented with a beau. 

 tiful painting. Hj s wiii- and children erected a monu- 

 ment to his memory, with a Latin epitaph, setting forth 

 his virtues and his talents. He was succeeded by his 

 on Albert, (born in 16*14,) as secretary to the counsel 

 in Flanders. This young man, though he did not in- 

 herit the peculiar talents of his father, was the author of 

 several works on coins and medals, and other subjects 

 of antiquarian research. 



For an account of the peculiar style of Rubens, and 

 criticisms upon his principal works, we must refer the 

 reader to our article on PAINTING, Vol. XVI. p. 254. 



RUBY. See MINERALOGY Index. 



RTDBECK, OLAUS. See BOTANY. Vol. IV. p. 9. 



RUDDIMAN, THOMAS, a celebrated Scottish wri- 

 ter, was born at Raggel, in the parish of Boyndie, in 

 !>ripl!>hire, in Oct. 167-1. After receiving a good clas- 

 sical education at the parish school, young Ruddiman 

 was ambitious of pushing his education at college. He 

 had heard of the annual competition at King's College, 

 Aberdeen, for bursaries ; and his father, from thinking 

 him too young, had opposed his wishes ; he resolved, 

 without his knowledge, with only a guinea in his poc- 

 ket, which his sister had privately given him, to set out 

 for that literary city. On his road to Aberdeen he was 

 met by a gang of gypseys, who robbed him of his coat, 

 his stockings, his shoes, and his only guinea. Undis- 

 mayed at these losses, he continued his journey, and 

 presented himself as a candidate for one of the univer- 

 sity bursaries; and though without friends, and almost 

 without clothes, he succeeded in gaining the first prize. 



After studying five years at the university, he took 

 his degree of M. A. in 1694, and after spending a short 

 time as tutor to the son of Mr. Young of Auldbar, he 

 was appointed schoolmaster of the parish of Laurence- 

 kirk, a situation which he held for three years. 



The celebrated Dr. Pitcairne happening to arrive at 

 L.aurencekirk, he was detained there the whole day by 

 a violent storm, and inquiring at the landlady if there 

 was any agreeable person in the village who would 

 take part of his dinner, she recommended Mr. Ruddi- 

 man as both learned and social. The learned doctor 

 was so much pleased with the infoimation and man- 

 ners of his guest, that he invited him to Edinburgh, 

 and promised him his friendship and patronage. 



Induced by this invitation, Ruddiman went to Edin- 

 burgh in 1 700 ; and two years afterwards he was ap- 

 pointed assistant librarian to the Faculty of Advocates, 

 with a salary of 8, 6s. 8d. Although he had some 

 employment as a teacher, and was engaged by book- 

 sellers to assist in different literary undertakings, yet 

 his income was so small that he commenced the busi- 

 ness of an auctioneer in 1707. He still, however, con- 

 tinued his literary labours; and in the same year he 

 published an edition of Volvseni de Animi TranquiHitale 

 Dialogue, with a life of the author. In 1709, he pub- 

 lished Johnstoni Canlici Solownnix Paiaphra^is Purlieu, 

 and also Johnstoni Cantica, with notes; a work which 

 he inscribed inverse to his patron Dr. Pitcairne. His 

 next literary work was a new edition of Bishop Gawin 

 Douglas's Translation of the ./Eneid, for which he wrote 

 the glossary, and probably the forty-two general rules 

 for enabling the reader to understand the language. 

 Ruddiman was now invited to the rectorship of the 



grammar school of Dundee ; but the Faculty of Ad- 



to retain him, increased hi* salary to 



and thus induced him to decline the offer. 



in 171 J-, lie published his Ituaimetiti //' the I^alm 



Ti.nin; which superseded all other books of the kind 



:'.i'! I. It was taught even in England, nnd still 



retains if* place in the Scottish seminaries. In 1715, 



he edited liuchanani Opera Omnta, in 2 vols. folio, 



uliH h he enriched with critical and explanatory notes, 



a preface, and a dissertation entitled De Mtlrit Bu- 



cliananceis Libel lus. 



In the year 1715, he commenced the business of a 

 printer, in company with his brother, who h;<d been 

 regularly brought up to the profession ; and some years 

 afterwards he was appointed printer to the university. 



In 17iJO, Ruddiman published the fir*t part of his 

 Grammnticee Latincc Instilutiones, which was soon fol- 

 lowed by his Grammatical Exercises ; a work which is 

 still used in teaching Latin in Scotland. The second 

 part of the first of these works appeared in 1731. 



In 1739> he published Selcctus Diptamalum el Numit- 

 matum Scotia; Thesaurus, which was a continuation of 

 Anderson's Diplomala et Numismata Scolive. 



Ruddiman and his brother became proprietors of the 

 Caledonian Mercury newspaper in 1729, and it con- 

 tinued in the family till 1772. 



Although our author was zealously attached to the 

 house of Stewart, yet he took no part in the rebellion ; 

 and in 1745 he retired to the country, and occupied 

 himself in writing Critical Observations OH Burman'g 

 Commentary on Lucan's Pharsalia, which was soon af- 

 terwards published. 



During the last years of his life, Ruddiman was al- 

 most constantly engaged in literary disputes ; but he 

 performed his part in these discussions with prudence 

 and temper, and he considered the cause of truth to be 

 too sacred to be abandoned, merely because he himself 

 might be involved in controversy. His eyesight having 

 begun to fail, he resigned the situation of librarian to 

 the Faculty of Advocates, in 1752. He died at Edin- 

 burgh on the 19th of January, 1757, in his 83d year, 

 and was buried in the Grey-Friars church-yard, where 

 no monument records his talents and his virtues. 



RUFUS, EPIIKSIUS. See ANATOMY, Vol. I. p. 



RUGBY, anciently Rochcbene, a town of England 

 in Warwickshire, has an elevated situation on the south 

 side of the Avon, and about a mile from the place 

 where it receives the rivers Swift and Dove. The town 

 is neat, and the streets, which are irregular and badly 

 paved, are disposed in the form of a triangle, 

 of the houses are of wood. The church is a commodi- 

 ous structure, handsomely fitted up with an organ. 



This town has been long celebrated for its grammar 

 school, founded by Laurence Sherrif, Esq. in Queen 

 Elizabeth's reign. It is managed by twelve trustees 

 from the nobility and gentry of the county. The pro- 

 perty of the school is at present worth above 2000. 

 It sends fourteen exhibitioners, with annuities of 40 

 each, to the universities. Vacancies are filled up 

 at the annual examinations, which are attended by 

 a member from both universities, appointed by the 

 vice-chancellor. The scholars amount to SSO, 50 of 

 whom are on the foundation. A handsome and com- 

 modious building has been erected for the school since 

 1808. It is of white brick, while the angles, cornices, 

 and the dressings of the windows and doors,are of stone. 

 Sixty of the boys are lodged in this building, and the 

 rest are accommodated at the house of the assistant 

 master, or at boarding-bouses in the town. The prir - 

 cipal front is 220 feet long, with a tower gateway in 



