522 



RUSSIA. 



Russia. Andrew; 2d, St. Catharine; 3d, St. Alexander Nevs- 

 ' kii ; 4th, St, George; 5th, Vladimir ; and 6th, St. Ann. 



Classes of The population of Russia is properly divided into four 

 population, great classes, the nobles, the clergy, the burghers, and 

 the peasants, each of which has its peculiar rights. 

 The nobles are divided into classes, which are of greater 

 importance in the estimation of the public than the ti- 

 tles of princes, counts, or barons, &c. The clergy are 

 divided into the regular and the parochial : the first of 

 whom are all monks, and the second form the parish 

 priests. The merchants are divided into three guilds, 

 and with the mestchanins, or simple burghers, compose 

 the third class of the Russian subjects. The peasants, 

 who form the bulk of the nation, are nearly all slaves, 

 glebce ad.itricti, and belong either to the crown, or to in- 

 dividual?. Within the last few years the emperor Alex- 

 ander has endeavoured to better their condition, by 

 allowing their masters to emancipate them, if they 

 choose ; but the offer has scarcely been embraced, nor 

 is it likely to be of much use. 



Of all the classes of the Russian population we have 

 spoken in another part of this article ; and therefore 

 shall conclude by remarking, that those peasants who 

 have obtained or bought their liberty, and theodnovortsi, 

 or possessors of one house, are, comparatively speaking, 

 but few in number ; and that the Little Russians, the 

 Kozaks, the Georgians, the Bashkirs, the Kalmuks, 

 and other wandering and Asiatic tribes, have a pecu- 

 liar constitution, and enjoy particular immunities and 

 privileges ; as do also the many colonists, especially 

 Germans, who are scattered throughout every part of 

 the empire. 



Respecting the Russian empire, the following works 

 may be consulted with great advantage : 



Author- Geographilcfieskoi Slovar Rossiiskaho Gosudarstva ; 



ities. o r a Geographical Dictionary of the Russian Empire, in 



7 vols. 4to. Moscow, 18.01-1809, by Stchekatof. 



Dictionnaire Geographique Hislorique de I' Empire de Russia. 

 Russie, by Vsevolojskii. " "V" 



Storch's Gemulic des Russichen Reichs. 



Crome's Allgemeine Utbersicht der Stnalskrafle. 



Hassel's Slaats und Address- Handbuch der Europais- 

 cher Staalen. 



Istoria Rot&ii.sknho Gosudarstva ; or the History of 

 the Russian Empire, by the distinguished Karamzin. 



Recherclies. Hixtoriques sur I'Origine des Sarmntcs^ 

 dfs Etclavnns, el des Esclaves. By Stanislaus Sestrene- 

 vitz de Bohujz. 



Histoire de Russie, by Levesque. 



Hi&toire de In Nouvelle Russia, by the Marquis de 

 Castelnau. 



Histoire Militaire de la Campagne de Russie en 1812. 

 by Colonel Bouturlin. 



Napoleon's Exiiedilion to Russia, by Count de Segur. 



Memoirs of the Imperial Academy of Sciences at Pe~ 

 tersburgfi. 



Pallas's, Gmelin's, and Klaproth's Travels in various 

 Paris of Russia. 



Tooke's View of the Russian Empire. 



Tooke's Life of Catharine the Second. 



Tooke's Histon/ of Russia. 



Coxe's Travels in Poland, Russia, 8fc. 



Clarke's Travels in Russia. 



James's Journal (fa Tour in Germany, Sweden, Rus- 

 sia, and Poland. 



Mrs. Holderness's New Rnxsia. 



Ly all's Character of I he Russians, and a detailed His- 

 tory of Moscow. 



Lyall's Account of the Organization, Administration, 

 and present State of the Military Colonies in Russia. 



Lyall's Travels in Russia, (he Krimea, the. Caucasus, 

 and Georgia. 



Cochrane's Narrative oj a Pedestrian Journey through 

 Russia and Siberian Tartary. 



Hoi man's Travels through Russia, Siberia, Pola/id\ 

 Austria, fyc.* 



Rust. 



II 

 Rutherglen. 



R U S 



RUST. See AGRICULTURE, Vol. I. p. 292. 



RUTA BAGA. See AGRICULTURE, Vol. I. p. 308. 



RUTHERGLEN, or RUGLEN, a royal burgh and 

 market-town of Scotland, in the county of Lanark, has 

 an elevated situation on the south bank of the river 

 Clyde, about 2|- miles south-east from Glasgow. The 

 town consists of one principal street, about -|ths of a 

 mile long, and 100 feet broad ; and of a lane called the 

 Back Row, lying parallel to it, and running from east 

 to west. The old church was taken down in 1774, 

 and a new one built in its place. The castle ot Ru- 

 therglen was burned by order of the regent, after the 

 battle of Langside. Many of its sculptured stones may 

 be seen built into the walls adjoining the town. The 

 principal manufacture here, is that of weaving muslins 

 for the Glasgow manufactories. There are here six 

 annual fairs for their show of horses of the Lanarkshire 

 breed, which are deemed the best draught horses in 



RUT 



Scotland. This burgh joins with Glasgow, Renfrew, Entile, 

 and Dumbarton, in sending a member to parliament. Rutland- 

 Population 1630. See Denholm's History of Glasgow, shire - 

 and the Beauties of Scotland, vol. iii. y s^y^* / 



RUTILE. See MINERALOGY Index. 



RUTLANDSHIRE, one of the interior counties of Situation 

 England, is bounded on the north, north-west, west, and extent. 

 and south-west, by Leicestershire; on the south and 

 south-east by Northamptonshire ; and on the east and 

 north-east by Lincolnshire. It is nearly of a circuit 

 figure, and is the smallest cpunty in England. Its su- 

 perficial contents, according to the trigonometrical sur- 

 vey, amount to 149 square miles, or about 95,3(50 acres. 

 It is divided into five hundreds, which contain forty- 

 nine parishes, and two market towns, Oakham and Up- Surface, 

 pingham, the former of which is the county town. It 

 returns only two members to parliament, there being 

 no boroughs in the county. 



The two last travellers are very singular. The one performed a great part of his j o jrne7 on foot ; the other is TOTALLY BLIND; 

 and, after reaching Irkutsk, was sent out of Russia. 



