St. 



SAL 



Salvador, expence ; and its interior decorations corn -pond with 

 its external magnificence. The rails of the altar are of 

 brass, and the wood work is inlaid with tortoise shell ; 

 and the ehancel, side aisles, altars, and recesses, are 

 covered with a profusion of gilding 1 *, paimingx, and 

 images. The college and monastery contiguous to tin- 

 church, have been recently fitted up as an h< 

 The books and MSS. belonging to the college are heap- 

 ed together in a very neglected state. 



The Franciscan church and monastery are very large 

 edifices. The monastery is two stories high, and the 

 rooms of the monks open into corridors, which front 

 a spacious quadrangular court, with a fountain in the 

 centre, the walls of the court being ornamented with 

 European blue tiles in compartments containing histo- 

 rical compositions. 



Adjoining these buildings is another for the bro- 

 thers of the Franciscans, who may prefer a secluded 

 life in their old age. It has a curious stucco front, 

 and a handsome cemetery, having two rows of arched 

 vaults three tiers deep, each vault being the receptacle 

 of a single coffin. The vaults are white-washed, and 

 between the two rows is a broad space paved with 

 marble, with a drapery figure of religion at the end of 

 it. This cemetery is kept very clean, and is ventilated 

 by windows in the roof. 



The church of the Carmelites is a more handsome, as 

 well as a more modern building than that of the Fran- 

 ciscans, and the adjacent monastery is unusually rich. 

 The buildings of the Benedictines are inferior to those 

 described. There are many other churches, chapels, 

 monasteries and convents, which, though worth visit- 

 ing, are scarcely worth describing. The principal 

 parish churches are those of the Concession, Pillar, and 

 St. Peter within the city, and those of St. Antonio and 

 Victoria without the city. 



The prison, which stands in one of the sides of the 

 royal square, is a spacious building. In the dungeons 

 in its lowest division, there is a passage by trap doors 

 from a grated room above. In the first story there is 

 a central apartment surrounded with a number of dark 

 cells, about six feet square, which have no windows, 

 but are furnished with a heavy chain fastened to a 

 ring. There are commonly 200 persons in the prison. 

 Adjoining to it is a small hospital. On the beach, 

 there are a custom-house, a dock-yard, magazines for 

 stores and wharfs. 



The city is protected by several forts, the principal 

 of which is that of Do Mar, built on a rock in the 

 inner bay about half a mile from the shore. It mounts 

 about 40 guns, and holds a garrison of 500 men. 



On the extreme point of the peninsula is the ancient 

 fort and lighthouse of St. Antonio, Do Barro, and the 

 bay near the bar is defended on the one side by the 

 small fort of Sta Maria, and on the other by the circu- 

 lar battery of St. Diego. At the end of the city to- 

 wards the sea is an eighteen gun battery in pretty good 

 condition. The dock-yard is defended by the bulwark 

 battery of St. Philips, mounting about thirty cannon. 

 Besides some other small batteries, the city is protect- 

 ed by three forts on the land side, and the fortification 

 of St. Pedro. There are about 5000 infantry in the 

 city. 



Beside the governor's dock-yard, there are several 

 private ones, where many merchant vessels are built. 



The principal trade of St. Salvador, which is very 

 considerable, consists in linen, cloths, silk and thread 

 stockings, hats, grain and flour, wines, bottles, and 

 bacon, all of which it imports ; exporting in return. 



SAL 



1, tobncco, sugar, Brazil wood, skint, balsam of 



c.ipivi, ipecacuanha. Population about 100.0OO, of 

 about :;),!) o are whites, 30,000 mulattoes, and 

 !"<)<' West L: J' 30." lat 



SALVAGES, a group of uninhabited islands or 

 rocks, lying to the north of the Canary Islands, and 

 .I.- to Portugal. The largest i about three 

 miles in circumference, and a few leagues to the north- 

 west of them is another like the largest needle rock ; at 

 the west extremity of the Isle of Wight. A gteat num- 

 ber of connoruits and sea-fowl arc caught on the Uland 

 by the inhabitants of the Canary Islands. The largest 

 island has produced in one year forty ton of the dye 

 called orchilla. 



According to Lieut. Mudge, who surveyed the great 

 Salvage island in 1820, along wi:h Lieut. Vidal, it is 

 of volcanic origin, and consists principally of dark 

 coloured black rock, which has a fixed magnetic po- 

 larity. Even the dust of the roads and of the floors of 

 the cottages m. y be gathered up like steel filings by a 

 bar magnet. A plan of the island communicated to 

 Dr. Brewster by Lieutenant Mudge, is published in 

 the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, vol. v. p. 381. 

 Position of Lieut. Mudge's station 15 56' 18" west 

 long, and 30 27' 39" north lat. 



SALUZZO, a town of Piedmont, and the capital 

 of a district of the same name, is situated near the 

 source of the Po, at the foot of the maritime Alps, it 

 stands on a hill in the midst of a plain, and th 

 joys both salubrious air and an extensive prospect. 

 The town is tolerably well built, and besides the ca- 

 thedral, contains two churches and several religious 

 houses. The ancient palace was once the residence of 

 the Marquis of Saluzzo. Corn, hemp, fruit, wine, and 

 particularly silk, are the productions of the place. Po. 

 pulation about 10,000. 



The district of Saluzzo belonging to the king of 

 Sardinia, has an area of about 750 square miles, and 

 a population of about 125,000. It is bounded by 

 Dauphiny on one side, and the country of Nice, and 

 the valley of Lucerne on its other sides. 



SALZBURG, a city of Austria, and capital of the 

 principality of the same name, is situated on the banks 

 of the Salza, between three mountains, at the mouth 

 of a long valley, which crosses the Rha-tian Alps. The 

 river divides the city into two parts, which communi- 

 cate by a bridge. The town is in general well built, 

 but the streets are narrow and ill built. It has long 

 been the seat of an archbishop, and contains a great 

 number of churches and ecclesiastical buildings. The 

 archiespiscopal palace is a large and magnificent edi- 

 fice. In front of it is a beautiful fountain, and op- 

 posite to it is a fine palace called the Henebau, in 

 which the courts are held ; and also the meetings of 

 the different colleges. It contains also the library of 

 the archbishop. The palace of the bishop of Chiemsee, 

 the chapter-house and the apartments for the canons 

 are elegant buildings. The cathedral of St. Rupert, 

 built in the Roman style, is more solid than elegant. It 

 was consecrated in 16'28, and is built of freestone and 

 marble, and has two towers in front. It has five or- 

 gans, and a grand treasury. The university church, 

 consecrated in 1707, is a good building. The church 

 of St. Peter is the oldest in the city, and near it is a 

 monastery of benedictine monks, which possesses a 

 fine library. The other churches of Salzburg are 

 those of the Franciscans, the Theatins, the Holy Tri- 

 nity, and St. Sebastian. The cemetery is reckoned 

 one of the finest in Europe, and contains the to.n ci 



