SCOTLAND 





A detailed .ircmmt of these different universities has 

 nlrr.'.'ly In, ii giv-n, under our articles, AitKHUEEN, 

 A \m; i !.i*iMit KMI, and (M.AMJOW. 



'I'm' following table shows the number of students 

 that matriculated at the university of Edinburgh, at 

 different times from 1791-2 to F824-5. 



665 



1791-2 

 179.5-4 

 1799-1800 

 1805.6 

 '-10 



MutlrllU. 



Lflfl 



i:) 



1.170 

 1980 

 2097 



1820-21 



D idl :.<. 



II Id 



MtM 



8873 



2198 



See below. 



In the year 1824..f>, the following students matricu- 

 lated. 



Literature, . . . 777 

 .Mi-dicine, ... 



I.aw, 233 



Divinity, . . . 249 



Total 



2198 



111 182.5-6, there were enrolled at the college, 



Students in Medicine, . . . 854 



Literature, . . . 809 



Law, . . . ^ 298 

 Divinity, Not yet returned. 



The following students obtained the degree of Doc- 

 tor of Medicine during ten years, from 1811 to 1820. 



1811 

 1812 

 1813 

 1814 

 1815 



44 



58 

 62 

 88 

 82 



1816 

 1817 

 1818 

 1819 

 1820 



. 75 

 . 92 

 103 

 119 

 121 



Annual average, from 1821 to 1824, . 



On August 1st, 1825, .... 



Total number of graduates, from 1726 to 1825 inclusive, 



416 



140 



3070 



On estab- 

 lishmentsfor 

 promoting 

 the useful 

 and the fine 

 to. 



Hoard of 

 Ti us tecs 

 for promot- 

 ing trade 

 and manu- 

 facture , 

 1726. 



CHAP, VIII. ON ESTABLISHMENTS FOR PROMOTING 

 THE USEFUL AND THE FINE AIITS. 



In various parts of this work, particularly in our 

 descriptions of the counties of Scotland, we have given 

 an account of various local establishments for the pro- 

 motion of agriculture* and other useful objects. Un- 

 der the present head, therefore, we shall confine our- 

 selves to a notice of those institutions that have been 

 established in Edinburgh, as the metropolis of Scotland, 

 and which extend their benefits to every part of the 

 kingdom. 



One of tbe oldest and most important of these insti- 

 tutions is the Board of Trustees for promoting Trade and 

 Manufactures in Scotland. This board was established 

 by act of Parliament in 1726, for the purpose of regu- 

 lating and improving the linen and hemp manufactures 

 in Scotland. The objects which this board had in 

 view were ; 1, To promote by premiums the cultiva- 

 tion of flax ; 2, To assist in the erection of lint mills ; 

 3, To employ spinning mistresses in small towns and 

 villages ; 4, To confer premiums on the best specimen ; 

 5, To give their aid in the formation of bleachfields, 

 and in erecting the requisite machinery ; 6, To fur- 

 nish looms of superior construction to skilful and in- 

 dustrious weavers ; 7, To promote improvement in the 

 patterns of damask table linen ; and 8, To bestow pre- 

 miums on the best specimens of v-irious kinds of linen 

 cloth of Scottish manufacture, brought forward at a 

 general competition which takes place annually in 



I .dm burgh. The expence of carrying through tfce*t 

 important objects, has been stated as follows : 



For the growth of flax and hemp, . . /f ,0f)0 <>n 



For instructing persons lo raise and dress flax, . * 



lint unlit, . . fjQ for PKNUM. 



uc di.tribution of heckles, IflO ***' 



1 r encouraging the spinning and weaving of \ktn ta/n. ' u> M ^ IBt 



Icachfidds and bleaching machinery, 



Wages for best specimens of linen cloth. . <, . , 



For unproved patterns of damask table linen, . 50 



M art*. 



Total expsnees 3,1*0 



It is also a part of the duty of this board to affix a 

 public stamp to all the linen made for sale in Scotland, 

 in order to indicate its quality and good workmanship 

 but the com petition of several manufacturers has render- 

 ed this unnecessary, and it has accordingly been dis- 

 continued since the year 1822. 



The Highland Society of Scotland was established Highland 

 in 1784-, and incorporated by royal charter in 1787. Sockty of 

 The object of this society is to promote the agriculture I*" 1 '*"', 

 and internal improvement of Scotland in general. It l7 *** 

 is supported entirely by the contributions of ita mem- 

 bers, who in 1826 amounted to nearly 1700. It ex- 

 pends annually in premiums a sum of nearly 1.300, 

 and it has done more for promoting the internal im- 

 provement of the country than any other establish- 

 ment in Scotland. The society has published ttjc 8vo. 

 volumes of transactions, and has recently erected in 

 Albyn Place a splendid house, at which their meetings 

 are held, and in which the secretary resides. 



About the middle of the last century an attempt 

 was made by several public spirited individuals in 

 Edinburgh to establish a society for promoting the ad- 

 vancement of the useful arts, under the title of the Edm- 

 (nngh Society for Ike Encouragement of Arlt, Sciemcet, 

 MamtfrHtttref, and Agriculture, but it does not seem 

 ever to have been constituted. This society printed 

 their regulations in a pamphlet of thirty-two jw. 

 but without a date. The ordinary managers were 

 Lord Desk ford, Lord Dalmenie, Sir Alexander Dick, 

 Sir David Dalrymple, George Clerk, Esq. Alexander 

 Munro, Esq. Dr. Robert Whytt, Mr. J. Johnston, and 

 Mr. Alexander Wedderburn. The extraordinary 

 managers were the Duke of Hamilton, Earl of Glas- 

 gow. Lord Elibank, Lord Kames, Provost Drummond, 

 Colonel Crighton, Andrew Pringle, Esq. Gilbert Elli- 

 ot, Esq. Alexander Tait, Esq. Adam Fairholme, Esq. 

 treasurer, Patrick Duff, Esq. secretary. 



Towards the end of the year 1819, a society was Society of 

 formed for promoting the useful arts in Scotland, and Arts, 1*1 . 

 has since that time been in active operation. It con- 

 sists now of more than 200 members, each of whom 

 contributes a guinea annually to the funds of the insti- 

 tution, or pays a composition of 10. 10s. It has also a 

 class of honorary members not resident in Scotland, and 

 of associates who reside in Scotland. The society holds 

 regular sittings during the winter and spring months, 

 which take place on the first and third Tuesdays of each 

 month, at which papers on the useful arts are read and 

 discussed, and models and machines submitted to the 

 inspection of the members. The society has already 

 rewarded several valuable inventions by the adjudica- 

 tion of gold and silver medals, and promises to be of ex- 

 tensive use in stimulating and directing that ingenuity 

 which prevails in so remarkable a degree in this coun- 

 try. The Society of Arts proposes also to hare bien- 

 nial exhibitions of inventions, models of machine*, and 



VOL. XVII. FART II. 



In 1814 there weitj!fly-teven agricultural societies in Scotland. 



