A SERIES OF 



ELEMENTAKY 

 COMMEKCIAL CLASS-BOOKS 



EDITED BY 



JAMES GOW, LITT.D., 



HEADMASTER OF NOTTINGHAM SCHOOL, BAEEISTER-AT-LAW, LATE FELLOW 

 OF TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. 



THIS series is designed, in the first instance, for the use of 

 young students who are preparing for any of the Com- 

 mercial Examinations now held by Chambers of Commerce, 

 various University Boards and Syndicates, the College of 

 Preceptors, and the Society of Arts. Special attention, 

 however, has been paid to the requirements of those schools 

 which, if they are to give commercial teaching at all, must 

 do so with no special staff and with very little disturbance 

 to other subjects of instruction. 



Experience seems to show that ordinary schools, though 

 they can hardly expect to teach much of commercial 

 technique, can teach many subjects from the commercial 

 point of view, and that this innovation is in reality a con- 

 siderable educational improvement. History and Geography, 

 for instance, gain very greatly in interest by being studied 

 with a definite reference to familiar things, such as roads 

 and ships and steam-engines and raw material. In the 

 same way, though not to the same degree, foreign languages 

 are more attractive to most boys when taught through a 

 commercial vocabulary than they are when confined to 



